Brücke: The Birth of Expressionism in Dresden and Berlin, 1905-1913"Anyone who directly and genuinely renders what drives him to create is one of us," proclaimed the manifesto of Die Brücke (The Bridge), a close-knit group of artists who first met in Dresden in 1905. Its founding members were four Jugendstil architecture students: Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. Eschewing the contemporary academic styles and subjects, these four artists instead looked to their German art heritage to make "a bridge" with the past, favoring such artists as Albrecht Dürer, Matthias Grünewald and Lucas Cranach the Elder. They also drew on Fauvist and Primitivist art in their quest for unhindered expression and, with this combination of resources, propelled German art into the twentieth century. In works by Die Brücke, color diverged from nature and became a record of emotion; forms were radically simplified, or exaggerated and distorted; bohemian subject matter argued for a Socialist politics. Their nudes, landscapes and urban scenes--featuring depictions of dances, cabarets, cafés and the sorts of street encounters that were typical of Berlin in the years after 1911--are among the greatest works produced by early-twentieth-century artists. Containing important paintings, sculptures and prints by Heckel, Kirchner, Otto Mueller, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, this invaluable volume is a definitive record of the birth of Expressionism. |
Contents
CONTENTS | 9 |
58 | 42 |
National Identity and International Style | 59 |
Copyright | |
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abstract Albrecht Dürer Amiet architecture art historian avant-garde Barr Bathers Berlin REINHOLD Berlin Secession Blaue Reiter Brücke artists Brücke exhibition Brücke in Dresden Brücke members Chemnitz Chronik der KG Cologne color critics Cubism cultural Cuno Amiet Dangast Davos Degenerate Art Dresden and Berlin Emil Nolde Erich Heckel Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Fauvism Fränzi French Fritz Bleyl Galerie Ernst Arnold German art German artists German Expressionism German Expressionist Gogh Gogh's Gothic Group Brücke Grünewald Heckel and Kirchner HERMANN MAX PECHSTEIN Jugendstil Karl Schmidt-Rottluff KG Brücke Kunst Künstler Künstlergruppe Brücke Lithograph on paper Mädchen Modern Art Moritzburg Moritzburg ponds movement Munich Museum of Art Museum of Modern National Socialists Neue Galerie Neue Secession Nolde's nude Oil on canvas painters painting portfolio poster prints Private Collection Reinhold Heller Rembrandt Rose-Carol Washton Long sculpture Self-Portrait Serge Sabarsky Collection Sonderbund Strasse studio style visual Wilhelm woodcut Woodcut on paper Worringer York