GIS Fundamentals: A First Text on Geographic Information SystemsGeographic Information Systems (GIS) are computer-based tools for the entry, maintenance, and analysis of spatially-referenced data. GIS are critical for effective resource management, and have been applied across a wide range of science, business, and government endevours. This book provides an introduction to the theory and application of GIS. It is written for use in an introductory GIS class and as a reference for the GIS practitioner. This third edition balances theoretical and applied material, so that students may apply knowledge of GIS in the solution of real-world problems. Improvements over the previous editions are included in each chapter. Topics treated include an introduction to GIS, spatial data models, map projections, data entry, image data, GPS, digital data, database systems in GIS, general spatial analysis, raster analysis, terrain modeling, metadate, standards, and accuracy assessments. |
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accuracy adjacent aerial photographs analysis applied assigned attribute data boundaries buffer distance calculated camera cartographic model cell values combined common control points coordinate system cost data layer data model database datum defined described developable surface developed differential GPS digital elevation models distortion elevation data ellipsoid equations example Figure film forest functions Geographical Information Systems Geoid geometric GPS receiver identified Ikonos input layers interpolation intersection land loca map projection measurements ment meters methods moving window node normal form North overlay Plane polygon positional error precise range raster cell raster data layer raster data set recorded Remote Sensing represented RMSE road sample points satellite images scale scanners second normal form selected semivariance slope soil spatial operations specified standard survey terrain third normal form tion topological typically USGS variable vertical wetlands zone