Asian Trade Barriers Against Primary and Processed Commodities, Issue 1174Tariff escalation to protect domestic industries against more efficient producers is not limited to industrial countries. Protection of domestic industries is also common in Asian developing countries and in intra- Asian trade. |
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48 commodity Asian countries Asian Exports Asian intra-trade Asian Trade Barriers Australia average Balassa Bauxite bias against processed China cocoa commodity processing chains Copra developing countries escalation issues Final Primary Final final stage GATT GQ IA Hong Kong identified none identified import bias import demand elasticities imports of primary India Indonesia industrial countries intra-Asian trade Japan Jute Korea leather levels of fabrication Malaysia Memo Item negotiations Non-OECD East Asia nontariff barriers NTBs OECD Asia overall Papua New Guinea percent percentage points petroleum Philippines Policy Research primary and processed primary commodities Primary Final Primary primary stage commodities primary stage items Primary stage product primary unprocessed processed commodity imports processed stage Research Working Paper revealed comparative advantage Singapore SITC system SITC-based South Asia Soya beans structure Taiwan tariff and NTB tariff escalation tariffs and nontariff Thailand total exports trade barrier escalation trade bias UNCTAD Vanuatu World Bank Zealand