Trees IBiotechnology has come to a stage where, by replacing some of the age old practices of breeding, it can produce novel and improved plants and animals that can better serve human beings and their purposes. The techniques of cellular and subcellular engineering, such as gene splicing and recombinant DNA, cloning, hybridomas and monoclonal anti bodies, production of human insulin, protein engineering, industrial fermentation, artificial insemination, cryopreservation and ovum trans fer, plant tissue culture and somatic hybridization, nitrogen fixation, phytomass production for biofuels etc have advanced greatly in the past decade, due to the availability of better equipment and the consolida tion of knowledge. Product orientation has removed biotechnology from the area of pure academic interest to one of utility where the final product is a spur to action. Businesses have started pouring money into projects, which has aided greatly in improving equipment, information exchange, and arousing the interest and imagination of the public. The common goal of science, industry and the public opens wide vistas and great hopes for biotechnology. The business of biotechnology addresses itself to issues of factory farming, technology transfer, joint ventures, international cooperation and to specific topics as well as the produc tion of diagnostic kits. Industry is particularly concerned with the phar maceutical field and microbial biotechnology from which profitable return§ can accrue. Commercial interests have led to better management practices and systematisation. |
Contents
| 1 | |
VirusFree Trees Through Tissue Culture | 24 |
Jonard R Laboratoire de Physiologie Vegetale Appliquee | 31 |
Induction of Rooting | 49 |
Induction of Haploids | 65 |
Tissue Culture of Alnus spp with Regards | 87 |
Preservation of Fruit Tree Pollen | 101 |
Sakai A Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido | 113 |
Mango Mangifera indica L | 267 |
Norway Spruce Picea abies L | 291 |
Araucaria Araucaria spp | 310 |
Department of Botany University of Peshawar Peshawar | 321 |
Elms Ulmus spp | 326 |
Eucalypts Eucalyptus spp | 340 |
Sandalwood Santalum album L | 363 |
Mulberry Morus alba L | 384 |
Fruit Trees | 130 |
Cherry Prunus avium L | 154 |
Peach Prunus persica L Batsch | 181 |
Citrus Citrus species | 207 |
Papaya Carica papaya L | 220 |
Banana Musa spp | 233 |
Olive Olea europaea L | 253 |
Vieitez A M Department of Plant Physiology Istituto | 393 |
Almonds Prunus dulcis Miller D A Webb | 414 |
Coconut Palm Cocos nucifera L | 430 |
| 451 | |
| 511 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acid adventitious buds agar Alnus androgenesis anther culture anthers apex apple aseptic auxin axillary buds Bajaj basal breeding callus callus cultures cells cherry Citrus clonal clones coconut cotyledons crispa cultivars culture medium cytokinin diploid disease DMSO domestica cv ectomycorrhizae elongation embryo culture embryogenesis embryoids embryos excised explants Frankia fruit trees genetic germination germplasm glutinosa grafting growth regulators Hammerschlag haploid hybrids hypocotyl induced initiation Kester kinetin leaf liquid nitrogen medium containing meristem method micrografting micropropagation multiplication Murashige Németh observed obtained organogenesis papaya peach pear plantlets plants plum pollen prefreezing prefrozen production proliferation propagation protoplasts Prunus Quoirin regeneration reported rewarmed root formation rootstocks Rugini Sakai seed seedlings shoot apices Skirvin Skoog somatic species stage stem sterile studies subculture sucrose survival Table techniques temperature tion tissue culture transferred Tremblay and Lalonde virus vitro vitro culture woody μΜ