LDEF: 69 Months in Space. First Post-Retrieval Symposium, Part 1National aeronautics and space administration hampton va langley research center, 1992 - 603 pages LDEF was carried into orbit in April 1984 by the Space Shuttle Challenger. The 11-ton satellite contained 57 experiments to assess the effects of the space environment, i.e., ionizing radiation, meteoroids, cosmic dust, and high altitude atomic oxygen on materials and mechanical, electronic, optical, and living systems. In January 1990, after 69 months in low Earth orbit, LDEF was retrieved by the Space Shuttle Columbia and returned to Earth. The retrieval occurred 57 months after it was originally planned, due in part to the Challenger tragedy. The 69 months in space provided experimenters the unique opportunity to sample and measure the space environment over a longer time period than originally planned. The 57 LDEF experiments were returned to the Principal Investigators and their science teams for analyses and interpretation. In June 1991, over 400 LDEF researchers and data users met in Kissimmee, Florida for the First LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium. The papers presented contained important new information about space environments and their impact on materials, systems, and biology. |
From inside the book
Results 1-5 of 74
Page v
... PREDICTION OF LDEF IONIZING RADIATION ENVIRONMENT John W. Watts , T. A. Parnell , James H. Derrickson , T. W. Armstrong and E. V. Benton , GAMMA RADIATION SURVEY OF THE LDEF SPACECRAFT G. W. Phillips , S. E. King , R. A. August , J. C. ...
... PREDICTION OF LDEF IONIZING RADIATION ENVIRONMENT John W. Watts , T. A. Parnell , James H. Derrickson , T. W. Armstrong and E. V. Benton , GAMMA RADIATION SURVEY OF THE LDEF SPACECRAFT G. W. Phillips , S. E. King , R. A. August , J. C. ...
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... predictions continued to be updated and the lifetime margin beyond expected retrieval reviewed . Concern was mounting in ... predicted to be late January 1990. In December problems with refurbished launch pad 39A caused the scheduled ...
... predictions continued to be updated and the lifetime margin beyond expected retrieval reviewed . Concern was mounting in ... predicted to be late January 1990. In December problems with refurbished launch pad 39A caused the scheduled ...
Page 51
... 120 90 60- 30 0 The LDEF is Falling ! The LDEF is Falling ! FM'AM'J'J'A'S O ' N ' D -1989- Fig . 3.- The LDEF predicted lifetime . JF M 1990- March 9 , 1990 NOAA " Feb " & 90 % The orientation and stability of LDEF was such that it 51.
... 120 90 60- 30 0 The LDEF is Falling ! The LDEF is Falling ! FM'AM'J'J'A'S O ' N ' D -1989- Fig . 3.- The LDEF predicted lifetime . JF M 1990- March 9 , 1990 NOAA " Feb " & 90 % The orientation and stability of LDEF was such that it 51.
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... Predicted integral fluence of trapped protons striking the LDEF . 1013 107 Integral Fluence ( Electrons / cm ** 2E ) 107 108 1012 1011 1010 109 لسلها كسسسها 106 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Energy ( MeV ) 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Fig . 9. - Predicted ...
... Predicted integral fluence of trapped protons striking the LDEF . 1013 107 Integral Fluence ( Electrons / cm ** 2E ) 107 108 1012 1011 1010 109 لسلها كسسسها 106 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Energy ( MeV ) 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Fig . 9. - Predicted ...
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... predict natural meteoroid and man - made debris impacts on spacecraft are shown in figure 10 . 105 104 103 102 101 ... predicting meteoroid and man - made debris impact fluxes as a function of particle size . Based on these models the ...
... predict natural meteoroid and man - made debris impacts on spacecraft are shown in figure 10 . 105 104 103 102 101 ... predicting meteoroid and man - made debris impact fluxes as a function of particle size . Based on these models the ...
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Common terms and phrases
absorbed dose activity Albedo altitude aluminum analysis angle approximately atmosphere atomic oxygen calculated canister contamination cosmic rays counts crater density deposition detector diameter distribution dose dosimetry Duration Exposure Facility Earth effects electron energy experiment trays fiber fluence flux foils g/cm² galactic galactic cosmic rays gamma gamma-ray impact craters impact features impactor induced radioactivity interplanetary IOCM ionizing radiation ions Kapton Laboratory layer LDEF experiments LDEF mission LDEF orbit LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium LDEF spacecraft LDEF surfaces LDEF's leading edge locations Long Duration Exposure longeron mass materials measurements meteoroid micrometeoroid micrometers molecular film NASA neutrons observed optical outgassing panel particles payload peak penetration Photograph PNTDs predicted radionuclides ratio residue retrieval satellite sensor shielding shuttle bay solar South Atlantic Anomaly space debris space end spacecraft spectra surface of LDEF Tapelift Teflon temperature thickness tracks trailing edge trapped proton tray clamps trunnion velocity