Limit States Design in Structural Steel |
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angles assumed axial force axial load bending bending moment bracing calculated Canada Canadian Institute Canadian Standards Association capacity Chapter checked CISC handbook Class 2 section Clause column composite beam compression flange computed concrete connection cross-section curve dead load deflection deformation distribution ductility effective length elastic elements end moments Example fabricator factored compressive resistance factored loads factored moment resistance fasteners fillet weld flange girt given by Equation holes Hollow Structural Sections increased Institute of Steel kN.m kN·m kN/m Limit States Design live load material maximum mm¹ mm² mm³ neutral axis Ontario plastic plate girders relationship residual strains resistance factor result Rexdale roof shape shown in Figure slab slenderness ratio span specified loads stability interaction equation Steel Construction steel section Steel Structures stress-strain curve structural steel sway tensile strength tension member thickness truss ultimate strength vertical weld yield point yield stress