Women and Achievement in Nineteenth-Century EuropeThis major new history of European women's professional activities and organizational roles during the 'long' nineteenth century examines what women could and could not do if they sought activity, purpose, or recognition beyond their own homes. Linda L. Clark surveys women's achievements in literature, art, music, theater, charity, education, medicine, law, and public administration, and examines the relationship between women's professional and philanthropic activity and the rise of feminist organizations. She shows that, despite continuing legal, cultural, and familial obstacles, thousands of ambitious women pursued professional activities for reasons that often combined economic need with aspirations to do meaningful work and gain public recognition. Detailing women's accomplishments from England to Russia, this unique survey enables readers to connect individual life stories with larger political, social, and economic contexts between 1789 and 1914 and is essential reading for students of modern European history, women's history, and gender studies. |
Contents
Section 1 | 13 |
Section 2 | 32 |
Section 3 | 40 |
Section 4 | 45 |
Section 5 | 109 |
Section 6 | 118 |
Section 7 | 139 |
Section 8 | 154 |
Section 11 | 192 |
Section 12 | 197 |
Section 13 | 200 |
Section 14 | 206 |
Section 15 | 219 |
Section 16 | 226 |
Section 17 | 229 |
Section 18 | 240 |
Section 9 | 173 |
Section 10 | 178 |
Section 19 | 277 |
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actresses Aletta Jacobs aristocratic Association Austrian baccalauréat became Berlin British Cambridge career Catholic century charities coeducation Comédie Française critics cultural daughter Dutch Emilia Pardo Bazán England English Europe European father female Feminism feminist founded France French Revolution French women gender George Sand German German women girls groups hospital Hubertine Auclert husband inspectresses Italian Jewish Kaiserswerth later literary London male Marie marriage married middle-class mother nineteenth nineteenth-century novelist novels nuns nurses NUWSS official organizations painter Paris percent political primary schools professional Protestant published Quoted reform religious Revolution revolutionary roles Royal Academy Russian salon secondary schools secular sexes sister social socialist Society Staël status suffragists teaching theater University Press Vigée-Lebrun voting wife woman women artists women authors women doctors women teachers Women Writers women's rights women's suffrage working-class WSPU York