A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive: Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific InvestigationJohn W. Parker, West Strand, 1843 - Knowledge, Theory of |
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Common terms and phrases
according affirm agreement analogy animal antecedent probability applied ascer ascertained assertion bability bodies casual chance circumstances coincidence collocation colour common complete induction Comte conception conclusion connexion connotation consequences considered constant cause counteracting causes cross and pile deduction degree depend derivative law doctrine doctrine of chances earth effect ellipse empirical law equal error evidence example exist experience fact fallacy ground guess happen hypothesis idea improbability induction inference inquiry kind known laws law of causation laws of nature limits luminiferous ether manner mathematical means merely Method of Agreement mind motion number of instances objects observation occur particular pheno phenomena phenomenon philosophers planet premisses principles produced proportion proposition proved quantity question reason recognised resem resemblance resolved respecting result rience scientific scientific classification species substances sufficient supposed supposition term theory things tion true truth ultimate laws ultimate properties universal universal proposition vera causa Whewell words
Popular passages
Page 110 - I am convinced that any one accustomed to abstraction and analysis, who will fairly exert his faculties for the purpose, will' when his imagination has once learnt to entertain the notion, find no difficulty in conceiving that in some one for instance of the many firmaments into which sidereal astronomy now divides the universe, events may succeed one another at random, without any fixed law; nor can anything in our experience, or in our mental nature, constitute a sufficient, or indeed any, reason...
Page 161 - ... that the squares of the periodic times of the planets are proportional to the cubes of their mean distances from the sun.
Page 248 - E; - while, at the same time, no quality can be found which belongs in common to any three objects in the series. Is it not conceivable, that the affinity between A and B may produce a transference of the name of the first to the second; and that, in consequence of the other affinities which connect the remaining objects together, the same name may pass in succession from B to C; from C to D; and from D to E...
Page 302 - The ends of scientific classification are best answered, when the objects are formed into groups respecting which a greater number of general propositions can be made, and those propositions more important, than could be made respecting any other groups into which the same things could be distributed.
Page 308 - Type is an example of any class, for instance, a species of a genus, which is considered as eminently possessing the characters of the class. All the species which have a greater affinity with this Type-species than with any others, form the genus, and are ranged about it, deviating from it in various directions and diiferent degrees.
Page 448 - He needs only reflect on his own experience to be convinced, that the man makes the motive, and not the motive the man. What is a strong motive to one man, is no motive at all to another. If, then, the man determines the motive, what determines the man — to a good and worthy act, we will say, or a virtuous course of conduct ? The intelligent will, or the self-determining power? True, in part it is; and therefore the will is pre-eminently the spiritual constituent in our being.
Page 570 - It is concerned with him solely as a being who desires to possess wealth, and who is capable of judging of the comparative efficacy of means for obtaining that end. It predicts only such of the phenomena of the social state as take place in consequence of the pursuit of wealth.
Page 570 - It makes entire abstraction of every other human passion or motive; except those which may be regarded as perpetually antagonizing principles to the desire of wealth, namely, aversion to labour, and desire of the present enjoyment of costly indulgences.
Page 490 - ... Scientific inquiry has not yet succeeded in ascertaining the order of antecedence and consequence among these phenomena, so as to be able, at least in our regions of the earth, to predict them with certainty, or even with any high degree of probability. Yet no one doubts that the phenomena depend on laws, and that these must be derivative laws resulting from known ultimate laws, those of heat, vaporization, and elastic fluids.
Page 200 - Clear and distinct ideas are terms which, though familiar and frequent in men's mouths, I have reason to think every one who uses does not perfectly understand. And possibly 'tis but here and there one who gives himself the trouble to consider them so far as to know what he himself or others precisely mean by them. I have therefore in most places chose to put determinate...