Ans. 76.

7. Reduce 131328 solid inches to s. ft.
8. Reduce 1529280 solid inches, to tons of round timber.

9. Reduce 87482 cord feet to cords.

10. Reduce 884736 solid inches to cords.

Ans. 22 tons 5 s. feet.

Ans. 10935 cords 2 cord feet.
Ans. 4.

CLOTH MEASURE.

§ 92. This is used in measuring cloth, muslin, tape, &c. The denominations are, NAIL, Quarter, Yard, ELL FLEMISH, ELL ENGLISH and ELL FRENCH.

Note. Since there are 36 inches in one yard, it is evident that there are 9 inches in a quarter, and 21 inches in a nail.

EXAMPLES.

1. Reduce 19 yards to nails.

2. Reduce 14 Ells Flemish to nails.
3. Reduce 5 yd. 2 qr. 3 na. to nails.
4. Reduce 13 Ells En. 1 qr. to nails.
5. Reduce 23 E. Fr. 3 qrs. 2 na. to na.
6. Reduce 304 nails to yds.
7. Reduce 159 nails to yards.
8. Reduce 287 nails to E. Fr. -

9. Reduce 6 yards to E. Fl.

6 4

Ans. 9 yd. 3 qr. 3 na. Ans. 11 E. Fr. 5 qr. 3 na.

Here we reduce the yards to quarters, and then qrs. reduce the quarters to Ells Flemish.

WINE MEASURE.

§ 93. This is used for measuring all liquids except beer, milk aud® ale.

The denominations are GILL, PINT, QUART, GALLON, BARREL, TIERCE, HOGSHEAD, PIPE and TUN.

Note. A gallon, wine measure, contains 231 cubic inches.

EXAMPLES.

1. Reduce 17 gallons to pints.
2. Reduce 13 gallons to gills.
3. Reduce 2 hogsheads to pints.
4. Reduce 5 tuns to gills.

5. Reduce 3 T. 3 hhd. to gallons.

6. Reduce 1 gal. 3 qts. 1 pt. 3 gills to gills. 7. Reduce 1 hhd. 60 galls. and 1 pt. to pints. 8. Reduce 2 hhd. 17 gall. 3 qts. to gills. 9. Reduce 2 T. 62 galls. 1 pt. to gills. 10. Reduce 96 gills to gallons. 11. Reduce 6048 gills to hhd.

12. Reduce 32256 gills to tuns. 13. Reduce 4050 gills to hhd. 14. Reduce 30339 gills to T, 15. Reduce 10125 gills to T.

Ans. 2 hhd. 2 qts. 2 gi.

Ans. 3 T. 3 hhd. 3 gal. 3 gi.

Ans. 1 T. 1 hhd. 1 gal. 1 qt. 1 pt. 1 gi.
Ans. 504.

16. Reduce 2 barrels to pints.
17. Reduce 3 puncheons to gills.

Ans. 8064

18. Reduce 5 pipes to quarts.

19. Reduce 4032 gills to barrels. 20. Reduce 5712 pints to tierces.

ALE OR BEER MEASURE.

Ans. 2520.

Ans. 4.

Ans. 17.

§ 94. This is used in measuring Ale, Beer and Milk.

The denominations are PINT, QUART, GALLON, BARREL, and HOGSHEAD.

2 pints (pt.)

TABLE. make 1 quart

4 quarts

36 gallons

EXAMPLES.

Note. A gallon, beer measure, contains 282 cubic inches.

§ 95. The denominations are SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAY WEEK, MONTH, YEAR and CENTURY.

mon.

13 months 1 day 6 hours or 3651 days, make 1 common or Julian

4

Instead of counting the odd 6 hours, or of a day,

whole day is added to every fourth year, which amounts to the same as one fourth of a day to each year; the year to which the odd day is added, is called Bissextile or leap year, in which February has 29 days.

When any year can be divided by 4 without a remainder, it is a Bissextile or leap year; thus 1836, 1840 and 1844 are leap years. $96. The year is also divided into 12 calendar months, which in the order of their succession are numbered as follows.

January 1st. month has 31 days | July

February 2nd.
March 3d. 66
April 4th. 66

May
June

7th. month has 31 days 66 31

August 8th.
September 9th.
October 10th. "
November 11th. "

December 12th. "

"30

66

"31 66

"30 66

"31 66

The number of days in each month, may be retained in the me mory by committing the following lines.

Ans. 35064.

Ans. 182625. Ans. 4207680.

Ans. 6311520000.

Ans. 99843.

Ans. 100000.

7. Reduce 1 d. 3 h. 44 m. 3 sec. to seconds. 8. Reduce 9 w. 6 d. 10 h. 40 m. to minutes. 9. Reduce 1 mon. 3 d. 4 m. to minutes. 10. Reduce 1 y. 20 d. 13 h. 15 m, 33 sec. to seconds.

11. Reduce 10800 sec. to hours.
12. Reduce 432000 sec. to days.
13. Reduce 7322 sec. to hours.
14. Reduce 4323 min. to d.
15. Reduce 20280 min. to w.

16. Reduce 41761 min. to mon.
17. Reduce 70128 hours to years.
18. Reduce 914092 hours to centuries.

Ans. 1 c. 4 yrs. 101 d. 4 h.
Ans. 1 y. 3 h. 2 sec.

19. Reduce 126241202 sec. to years.
20. Reduce 12749626983 sec. to centuries.

Ans. 4 c. 4 y. 4 d. 3 h. 3 min. 3 sec.

CIRCULAR MEASURE OR MOTION.

§ 97. This is used in estimating latitude and longitude, and also in measuring the motions of the heavenly bodies. Every circle is supposed to be divided into 360 equal parts called degrees, each de

gree into 60 equal parts called minutes, and each minute into 60 equal parts called seconds.

§ 98. The following denominations of things are not included in

REVIEW. 83. For what is Troy weight used? What are the denominations? Repeat the table. 84. For what is Apothecaries weight used? What are the denominations? Repeat the table. 85. For what is Avoirdupois weight used? What are the denominations? Repeat the table. What does gross weight mean? What do you understand by net weight? In common transactions how many pounds make a hundred weight? How many grains in the pound Troy and Apothecary? How many grains in the pound Avoirdupois? 86. For what is Long measure used? What are the denominations? Repeat the table. § 87. For what is Land or square measure used? What are the denominations? 88. What is a square? If each side of a square be one yard what is the figure called? How many square feet in one square yard or 3 feet square? To what is the number of small squares in any square figure equal? In a square figure, each side of which is 5 inches, how many square inches? If each side of a square figure is 11 inches, how many