Encyclopedia [containing] Illustrations, Descriptions and Prices of ... Well Sinking ... Pumping, Irrigating and Hoisting Machinery ... Chapman's Air Water Lifting Systems, Gasoline, Gas and Steam Engines, Boilers, Etc. ... |
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Popular passages
Page 223 - The area of the steam piston, multiplied by the steam pressure, gives the total amount of pressure that can be exerted. The area of the water piston, multiplied by the pressure of water per square inch, gives the resistance. A margin must be made between the power and the resistance to move the pistons at the required speed — say from 20 to 40 per cent., according to speed and other conditions.
Page 223 - To find the pressure in pounds per square inch of a column of water, multiply the height of the column in feet by .434. Approximately, we say that every foot elevation is equal to % Ib. pressure per square inch ; this allows for ordinary friction. To find the diameter of a pump cylinder...
Page 217 - Rule. — Multiply the area of the piston in square inches by the average force of the steam in Ibs., and by the velocity of the piston in feet per minute ; divide the product by 33,000, and ^ths of the quotient equal the effective power.
Page 217 - Ibs. of dry wood is equal to 1 Ib. average quality of soft coal, and that the full value of the same weight of different woods is very nearly the same — that is, a pound of hickory is worth no more for fuel than a pound of pine, assuming both to be dry. It is important that the wood be dry, as each 10 per cent of water or moisture in wood will detract about 12 per cent from its value as fuel.
Page 223 - miner's inch" of water is approximately equal to a supply of 12 gallons per minute. 4. The friction of water in pipes increases with the square of its velocity. 5. The discharging power of pipes increases with the square root of the fifth power of their diameters, thus doubling the diameter increases the discharged quantity 5.66 times.
Page 217 - The best designed boilers, well set, with good draft, and skillful firing, will evaporate from 7 to 10 Ibs. of water per pound of first-class coal.
Page 217 - ... Ibs. of water per pound of best quality coal. The average result is from 25 to 60 per cent, below this. In calculating horse power of tubular or flue boilers, consider 15 square feet of heating surface equivalent to one nominal horse power. One square foot of grate will consume on an average 12 Ibs., of coal per hour. Steam engines, in economy, vary from 20 to 60 Ibs. of feed water and from \l/2 to 7 Ibs.
Page 217 - STEAM. A cubic inch of water evaporated under ordinary atmospheric pressure is converted into 1 c\\\,\cfoot of steam (approximately).
Page 223 - To find the horse power necessary to elevate water to a given height, multiply the weight of the water elevated per minute in pounds by the height in feet, and divide the product by...
Page 223 - To find quantity of water elevated in one minute, running at 100 feet of piston speed per minute, square the diameter of the water cylinder in inches and multiply by 4. Example: Capacity of a 5-inch cylinder is desired.