Modeling of Sound Propagation in the SeaThe book is concerned with the application of modeling techniques and procedures to the investigation of sound propagation in the sea. The modeling method affords a means for studying the laws governing the sound fields in the sea and in other, similar media under controlled laboratory conditions and can be used in underwater acoustics as a coroHary to field experiments. The method has a number of advantages, principal of which are the relative simplicity and low cost of model tests by com parison with fuH-scale tests under oceanic conditions, the high accuracy of acoustical mea surements, excellent reproducibility of the measurement results, and the capability of rapidly varying the experimental conditions, which, unlike the conditions of field experiments, are under complete control. For the modeling of sound propagation in the sea the latter is treated, depending on the problem to be solved, either as a volume-homogeneous medium or as a medium possessing regular and randomly-distributed inhomogeneities. We direct our primary attention in the book to the modeling of layered-inhomogeneous media, but we also discuss separate problems bearing on the study of sound propagation in the sea. It is demonstrated in examples how modeling is employed to investigate the sound field in the ocean for certain typical vertical distributions of the velocity of sound in the ocean. |
Contents
The Similarity Problem in Modeling of the Oceanic Medium 1 Description of the Method and Fundamental Modeling Relations | 1 |
Some Characteristics of the Modeling of Inhomogeneous Media | 5 |
Model Experimental Procedure 3 Basic Components of the Underwater Acoustical Equipment | 9 |
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A. N. Barkhatov acoustic frequency acoustical modeling amplifier amplitude axis bottom boundary calculated caustic circuit cm Fig corresponding curve cylinder depends depth directivity pattern discontinuity layer distance distribution electric equation ethyl alcohol experimental field scattered grazing angles height homogeneous horizontal hydrophone illuminated zone inhomogeneous media internal wave investigation ionosphere irregularities layered-inhomogeneous media liquid m/sec maximum measurements model experiments modeling method oscilloscope parameters plane propagation of sound radio waves ray pattern recorded reflection coefficient refractive index scattered field scattering of sound shadow zone signal simulate sound attenuation sound beam sound field sound intensity sound intensity level sound pressure sound propagation sound pulse sound receiver sound scattering sound source sound velocity gradient sound wavelength sphere tank temperature thickness tion transducers transition layer transmission transmitter and receiver tube underwater acoustical uneven surface values variation varies velocity of sound vertical sound velocity voltage wave propagation waveguide width