Principles of General and Comparative Physiology: Intended as an Introduction to the Study of Human Physiology, and as a Guide to the Philosophical Pursuit of Natural History |
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Principles of General and Comparative Physiology: Intended as an ... William Benjamin Carpenter No preview available - 2017 |
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absorbent absorption acid action adapted aeration Algæ alimentary analogous Animalcules apparatus appears arterial Articulata auricle Birds blood body branchial branchial arches canal capillary carbon carbonic acid carpels cavity cells cellular tissue changes character chyle cilia circulation condition connected consists contained Crustacea Cryptogamia degree digestive distinct ducts Echinodermata embryo evident exhibit existence external fibres Fishes fluid functions Fungi germinal germinal vesicle germs gills glands heart higher animals influence Insects intestine lacteals larvæ layer lower lungs Mammalia matter membrane Mollusca muscular nutriment nutritive observed organised organs orifice ovum peculiar plants Polypes portion possess present produced prolonged racter ramifying regarded remarkable reproductive Reptiles resemblance respiration respiratory secretion seen separate shell species spiral stem stomach stomata structure substance supply surface takes place temperature tion tribes trunk tubes undergo usually vascular vascular system Vegetable veins ventricle Vertebrata vesicles vessels whilst zona pellucida
Popular passages
Page 206 - If, therefore, it be in a state of excessive activity, it will necessarily draw off from the individual fabric some portion of the aliment destined for its maintenance. It may be universally observed that, when the nutritive functions are particularly active in supporting the individual, the reproductive system is in a corresponding degree undeveloped, — and vice vcrsd.
Page 71 - I have counted above 10,000,000), so subtile (they are scarcely visible to the naked eye, and often resemble thin smoke), so light (raised, perhaps, by evaporation into the atmosphere), and are dispersed in so many ways (by the attraction of the sun, by insects, wind, elasticity, adhesion, &c.), that it is difficult to conceive a place from which they can be excluded.
Page 12 - ... inches. It was found that the greyhounds could not support the fatigues of a long chase in this attenuated atmosphere ; and before they could come up with their prey, they lay down gasping for breath ; but these same animals have produced whelps, which have grown up, and are not in the least degree incommoded by the want of density in the air, but run down the hares with as much ease as the fleetest of their race in this country.
Page 180 - Wylie, that the cases of disease on the dark side of an extensive barrack at St. Petersburgh, have been uniformly, for many years, in the proportion of three to one, to those on the side exposed to strong light.
Page 75 - Fig. 9. few hours, the single vesicles have developed themselves into rows of four, five, or six. This is not the only way, however, in which they multiply ; for sometimes the vesicles are observed to burst, and to emit a number of minute granules, which are the germs of new plants, and which soon develope themselves into additional cells.
Page 12 - It is undoubtedly true, that many new habits and qualities have not only been acquired in recent times by certain races of dogs, but have been transmitted to their offspring. But in these cases it will be observed, that the new peculiarities have an intimate relation to the habits of the animal in a wild state, and therefore do not attest any tendency to departure to an indefinite extent from the original type of the species.
Page 3 - The activity of the mind is just as much the result of its consciousness of external impressions, by which its faculties are called into play, as the life of the body is dependent upon the appropriation of nutrient materials and the constant influence of external forces.
Page 225 - ... solution will be greatly increased, its strength being proportionably diminished. At the same time, there will be a counter-current in 'the opposite direction ; a portion of the gummy or saccharine solution passing through the membrane to mingle with the exterior fluid, but in much less quantity. " The first current is termed Endosmose, and the countercurrent Exosmose. The increase on either side will of course be due to the relative velocity of the currents ; and the changes will continue until...
Page 149 - ... obey, — this would be to attribute to him the imperfections of human legislation ; — but rather, by creating them, endued with certain fixed qualities and powers, he has impressed them in their origin with the spirit, not the letter, of his law, and made all their subsequent combinations and relations inevitable consequences of this first impression...
Page 180 - He states that the cases of disease on the dark side of an extensive barrack at St. Petersburg have been uniformly for many years in the proportion of three to one to those on the side exposed to strong light.