Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Health

Front Cover
JHU Press, Jun 30, 2008 - Business & Economics - 295 pages

2009 Outstanding Academic Title, Choice

The health care system in the United States has been called the best in the world, but many of its residents cannot afford or do not have access to adequate care. Health Disparities in the United States explores how socioeconomic status, race, and ethnic make-up affect health disparities; what the wide gulf in care and health outcomes means for the medical community, cultural subsets, and society at large; and how to address the issue effectively.

Topics examined include:
• The relationship between income and social status and health care and outcomes
• The effect of race and ethnicity on health and the availability of care
• Conscious, unconscious, and institutionalized bias in treatment options
• How and when race and ethnicity should be taken into account in treating illness
• Practical and practicable ideas for reducing health disparities

Analyzing the complex web of social forces that influence health outcomes in the United States, this book is a vital teaching tool and a comprehensive reference for social science and medical professionals.

 

Contents

1 Introduction to the Social Roots of Health Disparities
1
2 What Is Health? How Should We Define It? How Should We Measure It?
14
3 The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Health or They Call It Poor Health for a Reason
42
4 Understanding How Low Social Status Leads to Poor Health
73
5 Race Ethnicity and Health
105
Which Is More Important in Affecting Health Status?
134
7 All Things Being Equal Does RaceEthnicity Affect How Physicians Treat Patients?
169
8 Why Does RaceEthnicity Affect the Way Physicians Treat Patients?
200
Preface
ix
1 Introduction to the Social Roots of Health Disparities
1
2 What Is Health? How Should We Define It? How Should We Measure It?
14
3 The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Health or They Call It Poor Health for a Reason
42
4 Understanding How Low Social Status Leads to Poor Health
73
5 Race Ethnicity and Health
105
Which Is More Important in Affecting Health Status?
134
7 All Things Being Equal Does RaceEthnicity Affect How Physicians Treat Patients?
169

9 When If Ever Is It Appropriate to Use a Patients RaceEthnicity to Guide Medical Decisions?
228
10 What Should We Do to Reduce Health Disparities?
247
References
273
Index
291
Contents
vii
8 Why Does RaceEthnicity Affect the Way Physicians Treat Patients?
200
9 When If Ever Is It Appropriate to Use a Patients RaceEthnicity to Guide Medical Decisions?
228
10 What Should We Do to Reduce Health Disparities?
247
References
273

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About the author (2008)

Donald A. Barr, MD, PhD (PALO ALTO, CA), is professor emeritus at Stanford University in the Department of Pediatrics. He lives in Palo Alto, California. He is the author of Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and the Social Determinants of Health; Introduction to Biosocial Medicine: The Social, Psychological, and Biological Determinants of Human Behavior and Well-Being; and Crossing the American Health Care Chasm: Finding the Path to Bipartisan Collaboration in National Health Care Policy.