Trina Deitas: The Controversy Between Hincmar and GottschalkChapter 1 is introductory; with no claim to originality, it analyzes the main features of the political and intellectual setting of the ninth century in Carolingian Francia. Chapter 2 explains the origin and traces the main lines of the controversy on the Trinity. Chapter 3 analyzes the relevant writings of Gottschalk. Chapters 4 to 6 analyze the refutation of Gottschalk by Hincmar in his major work, ʼDe una et non trina deitate. Chapter 7 acts as a conclusion, as it draws some theological lessons for today and tomorrow from what was discussed in the ninth century. |
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abbot adjective affirmation Alcuin Amalaire Ambrose archbishop of Mainz archbishop of Reims argument Arians Augustine Augustinian baptism bishops body of Christ canonical Carolingian Catholic Charlemagne Charles the Bald Christian church condemned Constantinople council Deus Devisse divine attributes divine essence divine nature divine Persons emperor faith Father Filioque Florus formulation Francia Fulda Gottschalk Gottschalk's trinitarian Greek Hautvillers heresies heretic Hincmar and Gottschalk Hincmar of Reims Holy Spirit hymn icons Joannes Scotus Lambot language Latin letter liturgy Louis the German Louis the Pious Lyon monastery monastic monk monk's ninth century Oeuvres Orbais ousia Pépin personally trine plural poem poet poetic polemic Pope praedestinatione prayer predestinarian controversy predestination Prudentius question Raban Maurus Ratramnus refutation Responsa de diversis Rome Sabellianism schedula Soissons substance synod of Quierzy theologians theology three Persons tion tradition tribus trina deitas trine trinitarian trinitarian controversy trinitarian doctrine trinitarian theology trinus words writings