Greek Folk Religion

Front Cover
University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998 - History - 166 pages

"In the extensive literature relating to ancient Greece, there is no work that serves the purposes of this volume. A Swedish proverb speaks of placing the church in the middle of the village, and that is precisely what Nilsson has here done. Homer and Hesiod formed the basis of the traditional education of the Greeks in general, and the great gods and goddesses as they appear in art show at all times the formative influence of the epic tradition. Nevertheless, the hard core of Greek religion is to be found in its observances: these took their shape among men whose focus was first the hearth and then the city-state, men moreover whose life and livelihood were tied to crops and herds and the annual cycle of nature."--Arthur Darby Nock, from the Foreword

Martin Nilsson writes about the popular religious observances of the Greeks, as practiced both earlier in the twentieth century and in classical times, the agricultural festivals and customs, the rituals of family and society. The folk religions of Greece that underlay and continually erupted into the more "elevated" Olympian mythology of Homer and Hesiod are explained in detail by a scholar with unparalleled understanding of the rites and customs of rural life.

 

Contents

RURAL CUSTOMS AND FESTIVALS
22
THE RELIGION OF ELEUSIS
42
THE HOUSE AND THE FAMILY
65
THE CITIES THE PANEGYREIS
84
LEGALISM AND SUPERSTITION HELL
102
SEERS AND ORACLES
121
ILLUSTRATIONS
143
INDEX
159
Copyright

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About the author (1998)

A Swedish scholar who studied, then taught at the University of Lund for many years, Nilsson exercised a profound influence on the study of the religions of ancient Greece. In many respects he appears the archetypal historian, who carefully threshes the theories of other writers, sharply rejecting what he finds to be unsubstantiated and unsound. But Nilsson's work is not without positions of its own that others would find dubious. He was a staunch adherent of evolutionary theory, which states that religions have evolved from a primitive substrate, leaving detectable survivals in historical data. He also adopted a "dynamistic" conception of "primitive religion"; that is, he believed that religion was originally a husbanding of mana, or supernatural power, although that power was not likely conceived of as such. This belief led Nilsson to take the Greek daimon to be impersonal power, a view that is certainly wrong.

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