Managing Internet-driven Change in International Telecommunications

Rob Frieden

Artech House, 2001 - Computers - 480 pages

This unique new resource offers you a detailed road map for tracking developments and trends in both international telecommunications and Internet-mediated communications. Useful to novices and higher-level professionals alike, the book explores the impact of the Internet on international telecommunications and gives you a clear definition of technological and marketplace convergence. By providing answers and perspective for both telecommunications and information technology professionals, the book bridges the gap between these two disciplines, making it easier to respond to and profit from change occasioned by the Internet.

Contents

• Telecommunications in an InternetDriven Information Economy: 1
• 12 An Interdisciplinary Undertaking: 3
• 121 Economics: 5
• 122 Law: 7
• 124 International Relations: 9
• 125 Business: 10
• 126 Technology Management: 11
• 13 Appreciating Different Cultures: 12
• 15 Challenges to Incumbents: 13
• 16 Challenges to Market Entrants: 14
• 17 Managing Change: 15
• What Is Driving Change?: 17
• 22 InternetDriven Telecommunications Development: 18
• 221 The Four Stages of Internet Development: 20
• 222 The Internet Mantra: 23
• 23 Uncovering Market Niches: 26
• 231 Illegal Market Niches: 27
• 232 Fewer Barriers to Market Entry: 28
• 25 Migration to an Information Economy: 29
• 27 Electronic Commerce: 32
• 272 The Promise of ECommerce: 33
• 273 Efficiency Gains Through ECommerce: 34
• 274 Individual Empowerment Through Disintermediation: 35
• 275 Empowerment Through More Intermediation: 36
• 277 Pitfalls and Risks of ECommerce: 37
• 28 Unfinished Business: 38
• 29 Change: 39
• References: 40
• The Old World Order Past and Present Models in International Telecommunications: 41
• 311 Consensus and Compromise: 42
• 312 Collaboration: 44
• 313 Consultation: 45
• 314 Culture: 48
• 315 Clubbiness: 49
• 316 Cooperatives Consortia Cartels and Collusion: 50
• 318 Commingled Costs and CrossSubsidies: 52
• 319 Closed or Conditional Market Access: 53
• 32 The PIT Industrial and Regulatory Model: 54
• 322 Incentives to Maintain the Status Quo: 57
• The Power of Incumbents: 58
• 331 Persistent Bottlenecks: 59
• 332 Access to Political and Regulatory Systems: 60
• 334 Ineffectiveness of the ITU and WTO Multilateral Forums: 61
• 34 Teaching Old Dogs New Tricks: 62
• The New World Order Developing Models in International Telecommunications and Information Processing: 63
• 42 New Models and Descriptive Terms: 65
• 43 More Descriptive C Terms: 66
• 431 Change: 70
• 433 Commercialization: 73
• 44 Competition Now: 74
• The Three Phases of Competition Policy: 75
• 442 How Did Competition Appear?: 77
• The Grand Experiment15: 78
• 444 Phase 2 Competition: 79
• 445 Phase 3 Competition: 81
• 45 Convergence: 83
• 47 Revamping Regulatory Oversight: 87
• 471 Regulated Competition: 88
• 48 Sustaining Competition and Protecting Consumers: 90
• Entrepreneurs Push the Legal Envelope: 93
• 491 Accounting Rate Arbitrage: 94
• References: 95
• The Technologies in Modern International Telecommunications: 97
• 51 Satellites: 99
• 511 Satellite Fundamentals: 104
• 512 Challenges to the Satellites Comparative Advantage: 115
• 513 New Letters in the Satellite Spectrum Alphabet: 119
• 514 New Orbits: 120
• 515 Alternatives to CradletoGrave Satellite Procurements: 121
• 517 Improvements in Satellite Design: 122
• 52 Submarine Cables: 123
• 53 Enabling Technologies: 124
• 54 The Internet: 127
• 541 Features of the Internet: 128
• 542 Impact of an InternetCentric Environment: 130
• 55 What the Internet Changes: 131
• 551 The Internet Comes of Age: 132
• 552 Distance Insensitivity the Rising Importance of Packet Switching and IP: 133
• 56 The Promise of ECommerce: 134
• Major Forces: 136
• 59 The Rush to Merge and Provide Global OneStop Shopping: 137
• Shifting the Locus of Control to Consumers: 138
• What the Internet Does Not Change: 139
• 5112 The Phonehead Persona: 140
• 5113 The Nethead Persona: 141
• 5115 Incumbencys Deep Pockets and Resources to Respond to Changed Circumstances: 142
• 5122 The New Game Plan: 143
• 5123 Coming Down from the Summit: 145
• 514 The Future: 146
• References: 148
• Players in International Telecommunications Policy Making: 149
• 61 Why Nations Cooperate on Telecommunications Policy Matters: 151
• 62 Why Nations Do Not Readily Cooperate on Information Processing Policy Matters: 153
• 63 A Brief History of the ITU: 154
• 631 The ITUs Mission: 156
• 632 Structure and Function of the ITU: 157
• 64 Spectrum Management by the ITU: 159
• 641 National Spectrum Management Licensing and Regulation: 165
• 642 The Role of Scarcity in Spectrum Management Licensing and Regulation: 169
• 643 Block Allocations: 173
• 65 The Spectrum Auction Alternative: 174
• 651 Spectrum as a Franchise: 175
• 653 Serving Global Interests: 176
• 654 Satellite Spectrum Auctions: 177
• Only a Partial Solution: 178
• 661 ITU Conflict Resolution in Satellite Orbital Slots: 179
• 662 Inequity in Access to Satellites and Information Resources: 180
• 663 Space WRCs: 183
• 664 Orbital Slot Reservation Alternatives: 185
• 67 Standard Setting: 186
• 671 Standard Setting in Perspective: 188
• 672 Increasing Complexity in Standard Setting: 189
• 673 Predicting When Consensus Will Occur: 192
• 674 StandardSetting Models: 193
• 675 Products of the StandardSetting Process: 195
• 68 Development Issues: 198
• 681 Telecommunications Development Assistance: 199
• 682 Failed Strategies: 203
• 683 The Payoff from Telecommunications Investments: 204
• 69 Reforming the ITU: 207
• 691 The ITU and the New World Order: 208
• 692 Achieving True Reform: 210
• 610 Internet Standard Setting and Governance: 211
• References: 212
• Players in International Telecommunications Trade Policy Making: 215
• 71 Trade in Telecommunications Network Services1: 218
• 711 The WTO: 219
• 712 TradeinServices Issues: 220
• 72 Basic Trade Principles: 223
• 722 Most Favored Nation Treatment: 224
• 723 National Treatment: 225
• 724 Transparency and Other Trade Principles: 226
• 73 Limits to What a Trade Forum Can Accomplish: 227
• 732 Tactics for Restricting Telecommunications Service Market Access: 228
• 74 Leverage in Trade Negotiations: 229
• 741 Securing Market Access Parity in Telecommunications Service: 230
• 742 ITU Efforts to Address Telecommunications TradeinService Issues: 233
• 75 Frustration with Multilateral Dispute Resolution: 235
• 751 Regional Trade Pacts: 236
• 76 Ranking Nations in Terms of Market Accessibility: 238
• References: 239
• Regulatory and Deregulatory Rationales: 241
• 81 The US Telecommunications Regulatory Regime: 242
• 811 The Legislature: 244
• 812 The Judiciary: 251
• 82 US Policies Prior to Deregulation: 257
• 821 Undoing a Heritage of Pervasive Government Regulation and Oversight: 260
• 822 The Deregulatory Campaign 1980 to Present: 262
• 83 Themes in Current US International Telecommunications and Trade Policy: 265
• 832 Cost Deaveraging: 266
• 834 Alternatives to Satellite Cooperatives and Cable Consortia: 267
• 835 Permitting SelfHelp Strategies Like Callback: 270
• 836 Prescribing Settlement Rates: 271
• 84 Fair Trade in Telecommunications: 272
• 841 FCC Strategies: 274
• 842 Resistance to US Procompetitive Initiatives: 275
• 85 Recalibrating Market Access Opportunities in the United States: 276
• 851 Action Necessitated by Users Resorting to SelfHelp: 277
• References: 278
• Case Studies in Change: 281
• 911 Overview: 282
• 912 Accounting Rate Fundamentals: 286
• 913 Previous FCC Approaches to the Problem: 289
• 914 The Accounting Rate Regime and Bypass Incentives: 292
• 915 Linking Inbound PrivateLine Access with WTO Market Access Commitments: 296
• 916 New Strategies: 297
• 92 Internet Telephony: 302
• 921 The Technology of Internet Telephony: 303
• 922 Financial and Regulatory Arbitrage and the Potential Impact on Telecommunications Pricing: 305
• 93 Satellites in the Global Information Infrastructure: 311
• 931 What Is the Global Information Infrastructure?: 313
• 932 Satellite Roles in Video Programming Delivery and the Internet: 315
• 933 Satellite Trends: 316
• 934 A Changing Business Environment: 317
• 935 Satellite Service Without Frontiers: 318
• 936 Difficulties in Fostering and Sustaining a Level Competitive Playing Field: 319
• 94 Service to a Mobile Wireless Networked Society: 320
• 941 The Global Phone Vision and Challenge: 322
• 942 Integrating MSS into the Existing Mix of Delivery Options: 328
• 943 The GlobalPhone Reality: 331
• 95 Fear and Loathing in Internet Access Pricing: 336
• 951 Internet Incubation Support of SKA Access Pricing: 338
• 952 Traditional Internet Access Pricing Models: 339
• More Hierarchical More Commercial: 341
• 954 Traffic Patterns in Telecommunications and Internet Applications: 344
• 955 Pricing Responses to Changed Circumstances: 346
• 956 Emerging Internet Charging Issues: 347
• 957 Lessons from the Battles for Internet Access: 348
• References: 349
• Privatization and Globalization in Telecommunications: 351
• 102 Why GovernmentProvided Telecommunications Services in the First Place: 354
• 103 Privatization Models: 356
• 1031 Statistical Indices Showing Need for Larger Investment: 357
• 1032 Public and PolicyMaker Support for Ending Status Quo: 358
• 1033 Handicaps and Advantages in the Privatization Sweepstakes: 362
• 104 Privatization Occurs in a Number of Ways: 363
• 1043 Competition in Niche Markets: 364
• 1044 Joint Ventures That Include Government Participants: 365
• 1045 Limitations on Foreign Investment: 366
• Privatized Carriers Merge or Launch Strategic Alliances: 367
• 1051 Types of Alliances: 368
• 1052 Why Alliances Fail: 371
• 106 Globalization Strategies: 373
• 1061 Types of Global Alliances: 376
• 1062 Challenges Faced by Alliances: 378
• References: 379
• Developing Trends in International Telecommunications: 381
• 1111 Matter: 382
• 1112 Space: 383
• 1113 Time: 384
• 1115 Growth: 385
• 1117 Efficiency: 386
• 11110 Impulse: 387
• 1121 Technological Innovations Promoting Internet Diversification: 388
• 1122 A Maturing More Hierarchical Internet: 389
• 1123 Effects of a Hierarchical Internet: 391
• 113 Effects of Market Convergence: 392
• 114 Interconnection and Access Pricing: 394
• 1141 Tier1 ISPs and Limited Regulatory Burdens: 396
• 115 The Quest for Economies of Scale and New Profit Centers: 399
• 1152 Horizontal Integration: 400
• 116 Real or Perceived Unquenchable Demand for Bandwidth: 401
• References: 402
• Telecommunications the Millennium: 403
• The telecommunications industry has grown since 1996 creating 230000 new jobs and generating 57 billion1 more revenues: 404
• Prices are Falling as Demand is Increasing In general prices are falling: 407
• Usage is increasing: 409
• The Internet is driving growth in data traffic: 410
• Residential broadband is born: 411
• Companies are responding to demand competitive pressures and new opportunities by investing heavily in their networks: 412
• New entrants are building new networks: 413
• and incumbents must upgrade to compete and grow: 414
• The industry is becoming more innovative: 416
• Local competition is developing at a rate comparable to the development of competition in the long distance market: 417
• New York State is the Bellwether of Competition to Come: 420
• The wireless explosion: 421
• The Act has changed the way people look at spectrum: 422
• The Bottom Line: 423
• Glossary: 425
• About the Author: 463
• Index: 465

About the author

Robert M. Frieden holds a B.A. in telecommunications from the University of Pennsylvania and a J.D. in law from the University of Virginia. Frieden is a professor of telecommunications at Pennsylvania State University.

Bibliographic information

• Title: Managing Internet-driven Change in International Telecommunications; Artech House telecommunications library
• Author: Rob Frieden
• Publisher: Artech House, 2001
• ISBN: 1580534007, 9781580534000
• Length: 480 pages
• Subjects: Computers / Interactive & Multimedia; Computers / Internet / General; Political Science / Public Policy / Communication Policy; Political Science / Public Policy / General; Technology & Engineering / Telecommunications