Mining and Its Environmental ImpactRonald E. Hester, Roy M. Harrison This first Issue in the series contains nine articles written by leading British and American experts from the mining industry, regulatory authorities, and academia, and incorporates the latest research. Following an introductory overview of many of the issues of current concern to the field, the book deals with a wide variety of topics, ranging from the environmental impact of gold mining in the Brazilian Amazon, through the issues relevant to coal mining, vegetative and other remediation strategies and procedures and water pollution, to a thorough analysis of environmental management and policy initiatives. The issues raised in Mining and its Environmental Impact may point the way to future solutions to the economic, technological and environmental problems associated with mining in all its aspects and make this volume key reading for practitioners and researchers in the field, as well as for environmentalists generally. |
Contents
Mining Nonferrous Metals A K Barbour 1 Introduction | 1 |
Environmental Background | 2 |
Extraction and Concentration Mining and Milling | 4 |
Smelting Refining and Recycling Regulatory Developments | 13 |
Treatment Technologies Options to Meet Tighter Regulatory Criteria | 14 |
Costs | 15 |
The Environmental Impact of Gold Mining in the Brazilian Amazon D Cleary and I Thornton 1 Introduction | 17 |
The Amazon Gold Rush Since 1979 | 19 |
Management and Aftercare | 46 |
Conclusions | 47 |
Vegetative Remediation at Superfund Sites G M Pierzynski J L Schnoor M K Banks J C Tracy L A Licht and L E Erickson | 49 |
31 | 54 |
36 | 55 |
41 | 56 |
40 | 57 |
47 | 63 |
The Environmental Impact of Garimpo Mining | 23 |
The Impact of Mercury Use in the Brazilian Amazon | 25 |
Revegetation of Metalliferous Wastes and Land After Metal Mining M S Johnson J A Cooke and J K W Stevenson 1 Introduction | 31 |
Constraints Upon Revegetation | 32 |
Revegetation Objectives | 34 |
Philosophies of Revegetation | 35 |
Revegetation Techniques and Land Use 6 Direct Seeding | 36 |
Surface Improvement and Covering Systems | 41 |
Technical Option for Emissions Control | 107 |
Constructed Wetlands in Coal Mining Regions of Southwest | 114 |
The Discharge of Waters from Active and Abandoned Mines | 121 |
Some Thoughts for the Future | 130 |
The Limitations of Environmental Regulation and Challenge | 135 |
Policy Implications for Mineral Producing Countries | 152 |
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Common terms and phrases
abandoned mines accidental wetlands acid mine drainage activities Amazon Amazonia areas assessment associated bioavailability biomass Brazilian cation exchange capacities chemical clean-up coal mining colliery concentrations constructed wetlands contaminated soils copper costs degasification developing countries disposal dust ecological economic effects emission factors Environ Environmental Impact environmental management environmental regulation establishment estimates extraction fertilizer garimpos Global Average gold mining groundwater heavy metals improved increase industry innovative layer leaching levels long-term Madeira river material mercury methane emissions methods mg kg-1 microbial mineral mining companies mining operations monitoring mycorrhizae natural non-ferrous nutrients oxidation planning pollution potential problems reclamation reduce regulatory resource result revegetation river root sediment smelter species spoil sulfur Superfund surface mining tailings Tapajós techniques tonnes toxic treatment underground mining uptake vegetative remediation ventilation Vitrification waste-rock Wheal Jane wildlife Yanomami zinc