DNA Tumor Viruses: Oncogenic MechanismsGiuseppe Barbanti-Brodano, Mauro Bendinelli, Herman Friedman DNA tumor viruses have long been useful experimental models of carcinogenesis and have elucidated several important mechanisms of cell transformation. Re search in recent years has shown that human tumors have a multifactorial nature and that some DNA tumor viruses may playa key role in their etiology. The aim of this book is to assess our knowledge of DNA tumor viruses by reviewing animal models, mechanisms of transformation, association with human tumors, and possi bilities of prevention and control by vaccination. Animal models of tumor virology have contributed significantly to our under standing of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of virus-induced tumors. Bovine papillomaviruses induce papillomas in the intestine of cattle. The papillomas undergo a transition to carcinomas in cows feeding on bracken fern, which pro duces a toxin with radiomimetic and immunosuppressive functions. This example of cooperation between a virus and chemical carcinogens parallels the cooperative role of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) with environmental carcinogens in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Likewise, hepatocarcinomas appearing in woodchucks chronically infected by woodchuck hepatitis virus (WIN) provide strong support for the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and human hepatocellular carcinoma. Also, the fact that WIN DNA integrates closely to cellular oncogenes suggests a possible molecular mechanism for the tumorigenesis induced by HBV. |
Contents
The Hamster Polyomavirus | 1 |
Replication of the Viral Genome and Productive Cycle | 7 |
Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen Induces Chromosome Damage That | 15 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
Acad activity adenovirus antibodies antigen associated binding Biol BK virus c-myc Cancer Res carcinoma cell cycle cell lines cervical cancer chromosome cloned complex cyclin deletion detected DNA sequences domain E7 protein EMBO encoded episomal epithelial cells Epstein-Barr virus fibroblasts function gene expression gene product genome glycoprotein growth factor hamster HCMV herpes simplex virus herpesvirus Hodgkin's disease human papillomavirus human papillomavirus type immortalization induced infected cells inhibits interaction keratinocytes Kieff kinase large T antigen lymphocytes lymphoma malignant membrane mesothelioma mice molecular mutations Natl neoplastic nuclear oncogenic oncoproteins papillomavirus type 16 papovavirus patients phenotype phosphorylation polyomavirus Proc promoter receptor recombinant region replication retinoblastoma role simian virus 40 simplex virus type T-cell tion tissue transactivation transcription factor transfected transformed cells tumor suppressor tumorigenic vaccine viral DNA viral gene Virol Virology virus DNA viruses vitro wild-type