Problems in Exploration Seismology and Their Solutions, Issue 14This book is designed for students and for geophysicists who need a refresher on the basic theory required to solve practical problems. Geophysical texts often provide problems, but this book is unique in that it provides solutions also. The authors include a summary of the basic theory required to solve each problem. The 212 problems cover a wide range, including least-squares methods, choosing velocities for various situations, z-transforms, determining 2D and 3D field geometries, and solving processing and interpretation problems. |
Contents
Theory of seismic waves | 7 |
Partitioning at an interface | 47 |
Geometry of seismic waves | 79 |
Seismic velocity | 141 |
Characteristics of seismic events | 181 |
Seismic equipment | 221 |
Reflection field methods | 253 |
Data processing | 295 |
Geologic interpretation of reflection data | 367 |
Refraction methods | 415 |
3D methods | 469 |
Specialized techniques | 485 |
Specialized applications | 497 |
References | 505 |
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Common terms and phrases
A₁ amplitude angle of incidence apparent velocity array arrival Assume attenuation autocorrelation average velocity B₁ Background calculate changes coefficients column cos² d₁ deconvolution density diffraction dip moveout direction discussed in problem displacement distance effect energy equation 4.2b error f₁ fault filter frequency function g/cm³ g₁ geophone gives h₁ head wave hence horizontal increases intercept interface interpretation interval velocity km/s layer method minimum-phase ms/km multiples noise normal Nyquist frequency offset P-wave plotted ratio raypaths reflector refraction refractor result salt salt dome sampling sediments seismic shale Sheriff and Geldart shown in Figure shows signal sin² slope Snell's law Solution stacking velocity streamer surface t₁ Table tangential thickness traces traveltime curve unconformity V₁ values vertical vibroseis Vrms wavefront wavelet waveshape XXXXXXXXXXXX zero Zoeppritz equations θε