Health Care Politics and Policy in AmericaM.E. Sharpe, 1995 - 290 pages Fully updated for this new edition, Health Care Politics and Policy in America combines background and context for the evolution of U.S. health care policy with analysis of recent trends and current issues. The book introduces public policy students to the complex array of health care issues, and health care professionals to the study of public policy. It provides comprehensive coverage of policy issues related to health care at the federal, state, and provider/patient levels, from Medicare and Medicaid funding and managed care to medical liability law and ongoing debates over the beginning of life and end-of-life decisions. Health Care Politics and Policy in America successfully integrates political, ethical, economic, legal, technological, and medical factors in an issue-focused survey of U.S. health care policy. It includes a chronology of health care-policy-related events and legislation from 1798 through 2005, and an appendix comparing medical malpractice tort laws state-by-state. |
Contents
Health Care Politics | 3 |
The Health Policy Environment | 4 |
Key Health Policy Actors | 16 |
Conclusion | 29 |
Health Care Policy in the United States | 34 |
Health Care in the Nineteenth Century | 36 |
19001935 | 37 |
1800s | 38 |
Government Regulation and Market Competition | 231 |
The Role of the Federal Government in Cost Containment | 233 |
State Governments and Cost Containment | 242 |
The Private Sector and Cost Containment | 247 |
A Strategy for Controlling Costs | 253 |
Conclusion | 254 |
Medical Malpractice and Medical Liability | 263 |
The Origins of Medical Malpractice | 266 |
19301960 | 40 |
The 1960s | 42 |
The 1970s to the 1980s | 44 |
The Reagan Administration | 49 |
The George HW Bush Administration | 51 |
The Clinton Administration and Health Care Reforms | 53 |
The George W Bush Administration | 56 |
The Presidential Election of 2004 | 62 |
The Role of State and Local Governments in Health Care | 63 |
Conclusion | 66 |
Plan of the Book | 68 |
Medicaid Health Care for the Poor | 75 |
Program Objective and Structure | 76 |
Eligibility and Coverage Services and Benefits | 77 |
Major Trends in the Medicaid Program Program Costs | 79 |
19801992 | 88 |
19921998 | 94 |
Innovations and Experimentation from the 1980s to the 1990s | 97 |
Medicaid Managed Care in the 1990s | 103 |
State Governments Medicaid and Childrens Insurance Program | 110 |
MiddleClass Entitlement? | 117 |
The Current Fiscal Crisis of Medicaid | 120 |
Medicaid Reform | 123 |
Conclusion | 124 |
Medicare Health Care for the Elderly and Disabled | 134 |
The Origins of Medicare | 135 |
Program Objectives and Structure Objectives | 136 |
Financing Medicare | 137 |
Supplementing Medicare | 141 |
Medicare Balanced Budgets and Managed Care | 144 |
The Disaster of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act | 149 |
Controlling Costs | 151 |
The Problem of LongTerm Care | 156 |
Prescriptions and Change | 162 |
What Is in the Law | 170 |
The Tenuous Future of Medicare | 178 |
Conclusion | 180 |
Health Care and the Disadvantaged Falling through the Cracks | 190 |
Uninsured and Underinsured | 194 |
Profiling the Uninsured | 198 |
Consequences of Uninsurance or Underinsurance | 199 |
Insurance and the Idea of Community | 201 |
Minorities and LowIncome Groups | 204 |
Solutions to the Problems of Uninsurance and Underinsurance | 212 |
Conclusion | 217 |
Health Care Cost Containment | 225 |
Development of the Common Law in England | 267 |
Medical Malpractice and Liability in the United States | 268 |
The Current Tort System | 276 |
Criticisms of the Current Tort System | 279 |
Reforms and Alternatives | 284 |
Federal Government Policy and Reforms | 293 |
Medical Liability Reforms at the State Level | 298 |
Effectiveness of Tort Reforms | 301 |
Medical Liability Managed Care Enterprise Liability and ERISA | 304 |
Federal Patients Bill of Rights | 306 |
Conclusion | 307 |
Health Care Technology | 318 |
Factors Responsible for the Growth of Medical Technologies | 323 |
Health Care Technology and Costs | 328 |
Medical Technology Assessment | 332 |
Current Status of Health Care Technology Assessment | 336 |
Managed Care and Health Care Technology | 340 |
Law Politics Religion and Ethics | 341 |
Public Opinion and the Right to Die | 355 |
The RighttoDie Movement | 356 |
Oregons Death with Dignity Act | 358 |
Living Wills and Durable Power of Attorney | 359 |
Health Care Rationing | 360 |
Medical Technology Ethics and Public Policy | 361 |
Reforming the System | 373 |
Systemic Problems | 374 |
The Economic Critique | 375 |
Moving toward Reform | 380 |
Health Care Reform on the Front Burner | 383 |
The States and Comprehensive Health Care Reform | 397 |
Conclusion | 401 |
The Triumph of Incrementalism From Managed Care to ConsumerDriven Health Care | 410 |
Retrenchment | 411 |
Covering Children | 414 |
Managed Care | 418 |
Managed Care Backlash | 426 |
The PublicSector Response to Managed Care State Action | 434 |
Back to the Market | 437 |
ConsumerDriven Health Care | 438 |
Conclusion | 443 |
Conclusion Health Care Policy at the Dawn of the TwentyFirst Century | 450 |
Concluding Thoughts | 454 |
State Medical Liability Laws | 457 |
Index | 485 |
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Common terms and phrases
administration American argued beneficiaries bill billion Bush Centers chapter Clinton plan competition Congress consumer Cost Containment court covered Democrats doctors economic elderly eligibility employers enrollment federal government Fund George H.W. Bush Health Affairs health care costs Health Care Policy Health Care Politics health care providers health care reform health care system health maintenance organizations health plans Health Policy HMOs hospitals income increased injury insurance coverage issues Kaiser Family Foundation legislation limited low-income major managed care plans Medi Medicaid program medical errors medical liability Medical Malpractice medical technology Medicare and Medicaid Medicine medigap ment noneconomic damages nursing home Online patients payment percent physicians policymaking Politics premiums prescription drug President problems proposal recipients reduce regulation Republicans Review role Rushefsky Schiavo SCHIP Senate Social spending technology assessment Terri Schiavo tion tort Tort Reform U.S. health U.S. Supreme Court uninsured Washington York