Lipoic Acid: Energy Production, Antioxidant Activity and Health EffectsMulchand S. Patel, Lester Packer The recognition of oxidative stress as a major factor in health, aging, and disease has led to a surge in research aimed at uncovering effective countermeasures in the form of antioxidants. Unique in its two-fold protective function, alpha-lipoic acid has drawn unprecedented interest as a coenzyme in mitochondrial energy metabolism and as an antiox |
Contents
| 3 | |
Chapter 2 Lipoic Acid Biosynthesis | 11 |
Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects | 57 |
Synthesis and Their Antioxidant Effects | 85 |
Metabolic Aspects | 99 |
Their Regulation and Involvement in Pathways of Carbohydrate Protein and Fat Metabolism | 101 |
Chapter 6 Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Regulation and Lipoic Acid | 149 |
Chapter 7 Role of Lipoyl Domains in the Function and Regulation of Mammalian Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex | 167 |
Chapteer 13 Redoxin Connection of Lipoic Acid | 315 |
Chapter 14 Lipoic Acid as an Inducer of Phase II Detoxification Enzymes through Activation of Nrf2Dependent Gene Expression | 349 |
Clinical Aspects | 373 |
E2 E3 and E3BP Deficiencies | 375 |
Chapter 16 Relationship between Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Lipoic Acid | 407 |
Chapter 17 Effects of Lipoic Acid on Insulin Action in Animal Models of Insulin Resistance | 423 |
Chapter 18 Activation of Cytoprotective Signaling Pathways by AlphaLipoic Acid | 439 |
Potential Use as a Novel Topical Antioxidant | 461 |
Oxidative Modification of Lipoic Acid | 197 |
Structure and Function | 217 |
Chapter 10 An Evaluation of the Stability and Pharmacokinetics of RLipoic Acid and RDihydrolipoic Acid Dosage Forms in Human Plasma from He... | 235 |
Chapter 11 Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Renal Excretion of Alpha Lipoic Acid and Its Metabolites in Humans | 271 |
Chapter 12 Modulation of Cellular Redox and Metabolic Status by Lipoic Acid | 293 |
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Lipoic Acid: Energy Production, Antioxidant Activity and Health Effects Mulchand S Patel,Lester Packer No preview available - 2019 |
Common terms and phrases
a-keto acid dehydrogenase a-ketoglutarate a-lipoic acid acid dehydrogenase complex Activity and Health alpha-lipoic acid amino acid antioxidant Antioxidant Activity apoptosis binding Biochem Biochemistry Biol Biophys biosynthesis branched-chain a-keto acid catalyzes cells cellular Chem component compound cysteine DHLA diabetes dihydrolipoamide dihydrolipoic disease disulfide E3BP endothelial Energy Production enzyme Escherichia coli fatty acid Figure Free Radic function gene glucose glutathione glycine Health Effects human inactivation increased induced inhibition insulin resistance interaction KGDH levels LipA LipB lipid lipoamide lipoic acid lipoyl domain lipoyl group lipoylated liver LplA mammalian mechanism metabolism metabolites mitochondrial molecular molecules mutations NADH Nrf2 oxidative stress Packer patients PDHc PDK2 PDK3 PDK4 PDP1 peroxidation Pharmacokinetics phosphatase phosphorylation plasma primary biliary cirrhosis protein kinase pyruvate dehydrogenase complex pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase R-DHLA rats reaction reactive receptor redox reduced reductase regulation residues Roche role selenium skeletal muscle structure substrate subunit synthase synthesis thiols thioredoxin tissues transcription Tritschler
Popular passages
Page xiii - More and more evidence indicates that a proper balance between oxidants and antioxidants is involved in maintaining health and longevity and that altering this balance in favor of oxidants may result in pathophysiological responses causing functional disorders and disease.
Page xi - Series Introduction Oxygen is a dangerous friend. Overwhelming evidence indicates that oxidative stress can lead to cell and tissue injury. However, the same free radicals that are generated during oxidative stress are produced during normal metabolism and thus are involved in both human health and disease. Free radicals are molecules with an odd number of electrons. The odd, or unpaired, electron is highly reactive as it seeks to pair with another free electron. Free radicals are generated during...
Page ii - Redox Regulation of Cell Signaling and Its Clinical Application, edited by Lester Packer and Junji Yodoi 4. Antioxidants in Diabetes Management, edited by Lester Packer, Peter Rosen, Hans J. Tritschler, George L. King, and Angelo Azzi 5. Free Radicals in Brain Pathophysiology, edited by Giuseppe Poli, Enrique Cadenas, and Lester Packer 6. Nutraceuticals in Health and Disease Prevention, edited by Klaus Kramer, Peter-Paul Hoppe, and Lester Packer 7. Environmental Stressors in Health and Disease, edited...