Soldiers, Spies, and Statesmen: Egypt's Road to RevoltRevolutions are difficult to understand, let alone predict. Egypt’s revolt last year was no exception. The military’s abandonment of Mubarak confused many observers, who had always assumed that the leader and the generals stood or fell together. But as the violence of the transitional period discredited the armed forces, academics fell back in relief on the same age-old assumptions about officers who rule from behind the scenes and change the figures on stage to preserve the status quo. In a challenge to this conventional view, Hazem Kandil presents the revolt as the latest episode in an ongoing power struggle between the three components of Egypt’s authoritarian regime: the military, the security services and the political apparatus. Through a detailed study of the interactions within this invidious triangle over six decades of war, conspiracies, and sociopolitical transformations, the book presents the first systematic analysis of how Egypt metamorphosed from a military to a police state, and what that means for the future of its revolution. |
Contents
| 1 | |
| 15 | |
The Road to June 1967 | 43 |
The Corrective | 99 |
October 1973 and Its Discontents | 113 |
Revolt | 175 |
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Ahmed allowed Amer Amer’s American appointed Arab armed forces army asked bank base became become began believed British Cairo called Canal capitalists centers chief civilian claimed command considering corps coup created decision defense demanded demonstrators develop director East economic Egypt Egyptian elections fact Fawzy field finally foreign Free Gamasy hand head Heikal Henry Kissinger important increased Infitah intelligence interests Interior Ministry Ismail Israel Israeli Kissinger land later leaders major March meeting Middle military million minister months movement Mubarak Muhammad Naguib Nasser October October War officers operations organization party passes percent police political popular position president president’s regime remained represented revolt role ruling Sadat secret sector served Sinai social soldiers Soviet staff strategy Suez troops turned United