The Effect of White-tailed Deer and Snowshoe Hare Browsing on Trees and Shrubs in Northern Minnesota, Volumes 295-302 |
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acre 7 feet American hazel aspen Average diameter average height Average Total Average balsam fir beaked hazel browsed by deer bush honeysuckle Canadian honeysuckle Chippewa National Forest clipped by hares clipping by snowshoe control area control plot Control proof proof decreased by 1974 decreased in number deer and hare deer browsing deerproof and deer deerproof area deerproof section exclosure was established feet or taller Figure Forest Heart Lake growth and average hare browsing hareproof areas hareproof section increased jack pine type juneberry Krefting mountain maple National Forest Heart National Forest Quetico-Superior National Wildlife Refuge Number and percent Number of stems paper birch pin cherry pine and white planted red pine proof Control proof proof proof Control redosier dogwood rose seedlings snowberry snowshoe hares Species Deer stems and total sumac Superior National Forest Tamarac National Wildlife Total Average Total total height growth unfenced vegetation tallies white cedar white pine white spruce