Tectonofractography" ... he who repeats a thing in the name of him who said it brings deliverance to the world ... " Mishnah, Sayings of the Fathers 6; 6 Main Objectives The present book intends to fulfill a number of purposes, which are arranged under the following scheme: 1. A topical review of main subjects in fractography, that branch of science which analyses fracture surface morphology and related features and their causes and mechanisms in technological materials. Among the materials that bear significant affinities to rock are in organic glass, ceramics, metals and polymer glass. 2. A historical review of the main studies published to date on rock fractography. In both these fields of review, one is confronted by the similarities between small-scale (micro metre) and large-scale (tens of metres) fracture surface morphologies. The similarities, on the one hand, and the differences on the other must surely promote further development of fractographical approaches in structural geology, where extrapola tion from microfractography to large-scale fractography is virtually a directive. As geologists become more familiar with the fractography of rocks, they undoubtedly will become aware of the great power of this descriptive discipline as a tool, in both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Rock fractography must yet be routinely applied in the structural analysis of rock formations in which fracture morphology is sufficiently prominent or extensive. |
Contents
Introduction to Fracture | 1 |
Rock Fractography | 139 |
Characterization and Classification of Fracture | 211 |
Copyright | |
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angle Appalachian Plateau axis Bahat Bankwitz Beer Sheva bottle brittle burial joints ceramics chert circular cleavage compression concentric crack branching crack front crack growth crack propagation crack tip crack velocity cross-fold joints curved cuspate hackles develop Devonian direction discoids echelon cracks Engelder Entrada Sandstone fatigue fault flaw frac fractography fracture markings fracture mechanics fracture propagation fracture stress fracture surface fracture toughness fringe glass hackles horizontal increase initiation interaction joint plane joint sets joint surface K₁ layer boundaries loading Lower Eocene chalks material maximum microcracks Middle Eocene chalks mirror plane mode morphology observed occur orientation outcrop parallel parent fracture plane strain plane stress plastic zone plumes Fig principal stress ratio region result rib markings rock Santonian Sect shear shear stress siltstone soda lime straight plumes strike syntectonic joints tectonic tensile stress tension thermal thickness tion ture undulations uplift joints vertical Wallner lines Wiederhorn