Aché Life History: The Ecology and Demography of a Foraging People"...a magnificent achievement, and a landmark in at least three distinct fields: anthropological demography, human evolutionary ecology, and hunter-gatherer studies...." -- Evolutionary Anthropology The Ache, whose life history the authors recounts, are a small indigenous population of hunters and gatherers living in the neotropical rainforest of eastern Paraguay. This is part exemplary ethnography of the Ache and in larger part uses this population to make a signal contribution to human evolutionary ecology. |
Contents
| xix | |
| 4 | |
| 9 | |
| 10 | |
| 16 | |
DEMOGRAPHY AND LIFE HISTORY | 30 |
SUMMARY | 33 |
The Ache | 39 |
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE | 224 |
OLD AGE | 233 |
SUMMARY | 235 |
Female Fertility PREGNANCY AND BIRTH | 247 |
FERTILITY DURING THE FOREST PERIOD | 250 |
COMPARISON WITH THE KUNG AND YANOMAMO | 252 |
FERTILITY DURING THE RESERVATION PERIOD | 254 |
SUMMARY | 255 |
AREA OVERVIEW | 40 |
PREHISTORY OF EASTERN PARAGUAY | 41 |
ETHNOHISTORY | 42 |
CURRENT SITUATION | 54 |
MODERN ECOLOGICAL STUDIES | 55 |
BIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC AFFINITY | 56 |
ECOLOGY OF EASTERN PARAGUAY | 58 |
FOREST LIFE | 63 |
RESERVATION LIFE | 71 |
SUMMARY | 76 |
Study Population and Sampling Methods | 81 |
STUDY POPULATION | 82 |
THE SAMPLE AND METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION | 83 |
RELIABILITY OF INTERVIEW DATA | 92 |
SAMPLE BIAS | 94 |
SUMMARY | 98 |
Age and Sex Structure of the Study Population | 109 |
DIFFICULTIES ESTIMATING AGES FOR THE ACHE | 110 |
HOWELLS METHOD FOR ESTIMATING KUNG AGES | 112 |
SOME PROBLEMS USING STABLE POPULATION MODELS | 113 |
DERIVING AGE ESTIMATES FOR THE ACHE | 117 |
AGESEX STRUCTURE OF THE NORTHERN ACHE | 130 |
SUMMARY | 132 |
Causes of Mortality | 149 |
MORTAL DANGERS IN THE FOREST AND ON THE RESERVATION | 150 |
CUSTOMS CONCERNING SICKNESS AND DEATH | 153 |
ANALYTICAL METHODS AND CHOICE OF SAMPLE | 155 |
CAUSES OF MORTALITY DURING THE FOREST PERIOD | 156 |
COMPARISON WITH THE KUNG AND YANOMAMO | 163 |
CAUSES OF DEATH DURING THE CONTACT PERIOD | 164 |
CAUSES OF DEATH DURING THE RESERVATION PERIOD | 165 |
SUMMARY | 166 |
Rates of Mortality THE LIFE TABLEMORTALITY HAZARD APPROACH | 177 |
MORTALITY PARAMETERS OF THE FORESTLIVING ACHE | 181 |
COMPARISON WITH THE KUNG AND YANOMAMO | 185 |
THE CONTACT PERIOD | 186 |
THE RESERVATION PERIOD | 188 |
SUMMARY | 190 |
Development Marriage and Other Life Course Events CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT | 217 |
ADOLESCENCE | 221 |
Male Fertility PATERNITY | 271 |
FATHERHOOD | 273 |
FERTILITY DURING THE FOREST PERIOD | 275 |
COMPARISON WITH THE KUNG AND YANOMAMO | 277 |
FERTILITY DURING THE RESERVATION PERIOD | 278 |
SUMMARY | 279 |
Resource Availability Intrinsic Variation and Life Cycle Constraints | 291 |
MEASURES OF INDEPENDENT VARIABLES IN LIFE HISTORY MODELS | 292 |
INFANT AND CHILDHOOD MORTALITY | 293 |
ADULT MORTALITY | 302 |
VARIATION IN FEMALE FERTILITY RATE | 303 |
VARIATION IN MALE FERTILITY RATE | 314 |
SUMMARY | 315 |
Body Size and the Timing of Sexual Maturity | 339 |
ALLOMETRY DETERMINATE GROWTH AND ACHE GROWTH PATTERNS | 340 |
OPTIMAL AGE AT FIRST REPRODUCTION | 343 |
SUMMARY | 354 |
Life History Tradeoffs and Phenotypic Correlations | 373 |
THE COST OF REPRODUCTION | 375 |
OFFSPRING NUMBER AND OFFSPRING FITNESS | 378 |
COMPONENTS OF REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS AND INTERGENERATIONAL CORRELATIONS | 383 |
MEN AND WOMEN WITH HIGH REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS | 387 |
SUMMARY | 389 |
Kin Effects on Life History | 417 |
KIN EFFECTS ON MORTALITY | 418 |
KIN EFFECTS ON FERTILITY | 424 |
REPRODUCTIVE SENESCENCE | 425 |
INFANTICIDE AND CHILD HOMICIDE | 432 |
PATTERNS IN FEMALE MATING AND FEMALE MATE CHOICE | 440 |
SUMMARY | 443 |
Conclusions LIFE HISTORY OF THE ACHE AND OTHER MODERN FORAGERS | 465 |
HUMANS AS APES | 467 |
HUMANS AS HOMINIDS | 469 |
APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHY | 474 |
Implications of Stable Age Models for Deriving Kung Ages | 483 |
Block Rankings of Relative Age | 489 |
Five Genealogies with Multiple Generations | 499 |
References | 527 |
Index | 551 |
Other editions - View all
Aché Life History: The Ecology and Demography of a Foraging People Kim Hill,A. Magdalena Hurtado No preview available - 1996 |
Common terms and phrases
Ache children Ache data Ache population Ache women age estimates age-specific fertility age2 analyses band behavioral biological body weight Chapter club fight cohort controlled controlled early effect evolutionary Evolutionary Ecology females fertility and mortality fertility rates fitness foraging forest period genetic grandmother hypothesis groups Guarani higher fertility history theory history traits human hunter-gatherers hunting ID Sex Born impact increase Independent variable individuals interbirth interval interviews killed Kung latent variable live births log likelihood logistic regression marriage mean menarche menopause mortality hazard mother natural selection Northern Ache number of living observed offspring offspring mortality offspring survival older optimal Paraguay Paraguayan parameter estimate parental investment patterns phenotypic rank reaction norms relationship relative age list reported reproductive histories reproductive span reproductive value reservation period result risk sample senescence Sex Born Died sex ratio sexual sibling suggest survivorship Table tion trade-off variation Yanomamo