Dealing with the Complex Interrelation of Intermittent Supply and Water LossesThe book provides a scientific approach into appraising Intermittent Water Supply (IWS) on a global scale through the analysis of available information and data based on a structured methodology for estimating the population affected by IWS worldwide both by country and by geographical regions. The root causes and the implications of IWS are dealt with in a concise manner providing a detailed account of the reasons for resistance to change towards 24x7 supply. A major contribution of the book is in providing an understanding of water losses in the context of IWS as well as the related difficulties in leakage detection and metering under such conditions. A methodology is presented for transitioning from IWS to continuous supply covering technical, social and communication issues which are considered of paramount importance for a successful transition. Relevant case studies from across the globe are included in the book to provide evidence based information and data relating to the many and diverse challenges faced daily by water utilities operating their networks under IWS. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Global dimensions of IWS number of people affected worldwide | 5 |
Root causes and implications of IWS | 17 |
Reasons for resistance to change towards 24 7 | 29 |
Understanding water losses in the context of IWS | 35 |
Transitioning from IWS to continuous 24 7 | 41 |
Common terms and phrases
achieved activities additional Africa analysis approach Asia average billing carried cause Central communication considered consumers consumption continuous supply cost customers demand detection Development distribution network drought effective established estimated extremely Figure flow groups household implementation important improved increase indication installed intermittent supply intermittent water supply International issues Italy lack LAMI countries leakage leaks less limited located measure mechanism meters million moving normal operation performance period physical piped water poor population possible presented pressure problems reduce regime region repair reported reservoir result rural service connections showing situation South stakeholder step strategy survey Table tanks transition urban usually valves volume water loss water meters water utility zones