Issues in Diagnostic ResearchMichel Hersen, Cynthia G. Last Prior and subsequentto the publication of the third edition of the Diagnos tic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III), we have witnessed a considerable upsurge in the quantity and quality of research concerned with the psychiatric diagnostic process. There are several factors that have contributed to this empirical influx, including improved diagnostic cri teria for many psychiatric disorders, increased nosological attention to childhood psychopathology, and development and standardization of several structured diagnostic interview schedules for both adult and child populations. With the advent of DSM-III-R, and in anticipation of DSM-IV, diagnostic labels and their definitions have been in a state of change, as evinced by the many refinements and modifications currently taking place. However, the basic purpose or raison d'etre of the nosological scheme has not been altered. Psychiatric diagnosis is the means by which we classify or categorize human psychopathology. And, as is the case in the medical arena, psychiatric diagnosis serves three central functions: classification. communication. and prediction. As research accumulates, our understanding of psychiatric disorders increases, and we are in a much better position to classify reliably and with validity, as well as to com municate and predict Despite periodic changes in the diagnostic system, the basic strategies for conducting diagnostic research (e. g. , genetic-family studies, biological markers, follow-up studies, etc. ) do not vary appreciably over time. But in over one decade no scholarly book has appeared that tackles the essential research issues involved in upgrading the diagnostic endeavor. |
Contents
| 3 | |
Structural Issues in Diagnosis | 87 |
The Reliability of Psychiatric Diagnosis | 99 |
Diagnostic Validity | 121 |
Lifetime Psychiatric Diagnoses | 143 |
Biological Markers | 161 |
Chapter 8 | 201 |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
abnormal Achenbach adolescents affective disorders agreement American Journal American Psychiatric Association analysis anorexia nervosa anxiety disorder approach Archives Axis behavioral assessment biological child psychopathology childhood classification clinical attributes clinicians computer diagnosis concepts conduct disorder correlation cortisol defining features depressive illness diagnostic diagnostic categories diagnostic criteria Diagnostic Interview diagnostic reliability differential disease drug DSM-III Edelbrock empirical Endicott etiology evaluation Extein factors Feighner Fleiss follow-up function genetic Helzer hormone hyperactivity hypothyroid identified illness individuals Interview Schedule Journal of Psychiatry Kappa lifetime major depression measures mental disorders methods Mezzich Millon multiaxial nosology observed Overall personality disorders population Pottash probands problems procedures psychiatric diagnosis psychiatric disorders psychiatric patients Psychological psychometric psychopathology raters rating scales relatives response Robins sample schizophrenia specific Spitzer statistical structured symptoms syndromes T-RT taxa taxon taxonomy theoretical thyrotropin-releasing hormone tion trait treatment TRH test validity variables York