ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis1. 1 Welcome to ggplot2 ggplot2 is an R package for producing statistical, or data, graphics, but it is unlike most other graphics packages because it has a deep underlying grammar. This grammar, based on the Grammar of Graphics (Wilkinson, 2005), is composed of a set of independent components that can be composed in many di?erent ways. This makesggplot2 very powerful, because you are not limited to a set of pre-speci?ed graphics, but you can create new graphics that are precisely tailored for your problem. This may sound overwhelming, but because there is a simple set of core principles and very few special cases, ggplot2 is also easy to learn (although it may take a little time to forget your preconceptions from other graphics tools). Practically,ggplot2 provides beautiful, hassle-free plots, that take care of ?ddly details like drawing legends. The plots can be built up iteratively and edited later. A carefully chosen set of defaults means that most of the time you can produce a publication-quality graphic in seconds, but if you do have special formatting requirements, a comprehensive theming system makes it easy to do what you want. Instead of spending time making your graph look pretty, you can focus on creating a graph that best reveals the messages in your data. |
Contents
| 1 | |
2 Getting started with qplot | 8 |
3 Mastering the grammar | 27 |
4 Build a plot layer by layer | 41 |
5 Toolbox | 65 |
6 Scales axes and legends | 91 |
7 Positioning | 115 |
8 Polishing your plots for publication | 138 |
9 Manipulating data | 157 |
10 Reducing duplication | 176 |
Appendices | 183 |
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Common terms and phrases
aes(x aesthetic mappings alpha alpha blending argument controls arguments axis base graphics basic binwidth boxplot brainwt c("point carat Cartesian coordinate system categorical variable chapter colour scale column components continuous variable coordinate system create data frame dataset default scale density plot diamonds displ display draw dsmall facet_grid facet_wrap faceting factor(cyl fill following code following example geom geom_line geom_point ggplot2 grammar of graphics grobs hgram histogram identity colour jitter labels last_plot lattice layer linear linetype msleep mtcars multiple overplotting package panels parallel coordinates parameters plot object polygon position adjustment position scales Premium Ideal produce qplot qplot(carat qplot(cty qplot(x quantile scatterplot shape shown in Figure shows sleep_total smooth space specify Springer Science+Business Media stat statistical transformation subsets summary function Table theming system uempmed values vector viewport vline vore weight Wickham width xlim ymax ymin