Major Airports and Their Effects on Regional Planning |
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adopted air cargo air traffic airlines airport authorities airport employees airport location Airport-related services Arlanda Bromma Canada car rental catering firms compensation concentration of take-offs cost of soundproofing demand for housing densely economic instruments effects of noise embarkation surtax EPNdB estimated existing aircraft exposed to noise finance flight paths France Heathrow Airport hectares impacts increasing number infrastructure intense noise jet air jet aircraft land use planning land values landing procedures living near airports Los Angeles County major airport meters monetary effects night flights noise during landing noise during take-off noise emission standards noise level noise surtax noise zones noisiest aircraft planning port problems Reduce Aircraft Noise reduce noise reduction in noise regulations residential development retro retrofitting Roissy runways Soundproofing of dwellings sparsely populated areas Stockholm subregion take-off and landing total noise emitted transportation network trend Tristar U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING United Kingdom urban areas urban development urban growth
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Page 8 - The location of a major airport in any area will mean the rapid introduction of a large number of new basic jobs, and a consequent increase in population due to the influx of workers and dependent families. This initial increase in basic workers and their families will create a demand for services in the form of retailing and other non-basic activities, and thus an increase in the number of service jobs in the sub-region.
Page 21 - In the first part of this paper, we pointed out that the occupants of dwellings most exposed to noise around London Heathrow Airport, received, since 1966, a special grant for soundproofing bedrooms, limited to 75 per cent of the total cost of the operation, or £200 per dwelling. Such a system of partial payment could be envisaged for other airports and especially for those sited in fairly dense urban areas where compulsory purchase or other measures dealing with the rational use of land would be...
Page 3 - URBANISATION IMPACTS OF INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS OECD Secretariat Development, operation and maintenance of a major international airport requires not just a substantial capital outlay and continuing investment to keep facilities up to date, but the allocation of a parcel of land far larger than would be necessary to support almost any other single land use function. In densely populated urban areas, this investment of land represents a significant opportunity cost which deserves careful examination....
Page 15 - European countries) , and the very substantial cost of retrofitting can be well imagined. In view of this cost and the fact that only widespread retrofitting would reduce the annoyance to people living near international airports, some international agreement would appear necessary, otherwise some airlines — those adopting retrofitting for their own aircraft — would be heavily penalized with respect to their competitors.
Page 18 - ... soundproofing of dwellings The soundproofing of dwellings (as well as of schools, hospitals and other buildings where noise abatement is necessary) is a partial solution rather than a cure in that people are compelled to keep their windows closed and the outside environment remains unchanged. However, in areas of intense noise, especially around existing airports, soundproofing is often the only way of rapidly reducing the inconvenience whenever rational land-use planning is no longer possible.
Page 1 - This paper is a digest of several which were prepared for the fourth meeting of the Urban Environment Sector Group, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, May 2-4, 1973.
Page 18 - ... density of housing, etc. are in force. 1 ) These contours take account of the loudness and daily frequency of noise. They are expressed in terms of NNI , CNR, NEF or other indices. A detailed description of these indices and the reasons for their use are given in Annex A. Generally speaking, whereever dwellings, schools and hospitals are not to be built, activities which are not incompatible with a high noise level may be established instead (industrial estates, warehouses, workshops, soundproofed...
Page 18 - ... warehouses, workshops, soundproofed and air-conditioned offices, etc.). There is a clear possibility that land-use and building regulations will often be opposed by landowners and be subjected to pressure from house seekers. How such regulations are received will depend on the consistency of land-use planning (since to forbid the construction of dwellings in certain areas means that other land should be released for construction) and on the compensation whicn landowners affected by the regulations...
Page 3 - Since airport development invariably requires major investment in infrastructure and public utilities, the surrounding area becomes a natural focus for urban development. Except in cases where strict controls are applied, one can expect that in the long run, airport sub-regions will become dense, urbanized zones.
Page 18 - ... landowners affected by the regulations are paid. The effective implementation of such regulations will also call for close coordination among the various authorities concerned, including the airport authorities insofar as they are able to take action affecting the decisions concerning land use and home building.