Wise, cashier; Farmers', John H. Brenner, president, T. C. McDowell, cashier; First National, George D. Harter, president, L. L. Miller, cashier; Savings Deposit, Isaac Harter & Sons; Geo. D. Harter & Bro.

Canton Workshops and Factories.-Globe Iron Foundery, castings, 7 hands; E. W. Poorman, steam heating apparatus, 30; Wrought Iron Bridge Co., 200; Berger Manufacturing Co., steel sheet roofing, 36; Kanneberg Roofing Co., 20; Willis Lind & Co., sash, door and blinds, 52; Gibbs Lawn Rake Co., 20; Canton Electric Light and Power Co., 12; Clark, Smith & Co., wind mills, etc., 8; A. B. Morris, patterns and models, 10; W. R. Harrison & Co., feed cutters, 30; Pearl Steam Laundry, 10; Canton Steam Pump Co., 49; J. H. McLain Machine Co., feed mills, etc., 135; Harvard Co., surgical and dental chairs, 23; Canton File Case Co., furniture, 10; Dexter Wagon Co., 18; Wood, Brown Co., buggy gears, 12; Ney Manufacturing Co., hay carriers, etc., 35; J. F. Blake, flour, 6; Novelty Cutlery Co., 39; Canton Stove Co., 36; Dick's Agricultural Works, feed cutters, 60; Canton Street Railroad Co., electric power, 4; Union Brewing Co., 12; Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Co., drop forgings, 103; Canton Gas Light and Coke Co., 10; Joseph Biechele Soap Co., 18; John Danner Manufacturing Co., revolving desks, 70; G. C. Howey, flour, 4; Jos. Weaver & Sons, sash doors and blinds, 40; Gilliam Manufacturing Co., coach pads and gig-saddles, 148; Campbell Lumber Co., doors, sash and blinds, 28; Alexander's Woolen Mills, 12; Skinner Bros., planing, 6; Berg & Son, carriages, 10; Canton Brewing Co., 10; F. B. Smith, force pumps, 37; Canton Buggy and Gear Co., 37; New York Steam Laundry, 6; Canton Tile Hollow Brick Co., 10; J. G. Wachter, machinery, 6; Jos. M. Ball, flour, 12; Canton Combination Lock Co., 24; Canton Steel Roofing Co., 35; Princes Plow Co., 50; C. Aultman & Co., engines and threshers, 356; Bolton Iron and Steel Co., 200; Canton Spring Co., vehicle springs, 94; Canton Saw Co., 32; Sun Vapor Street Light Co., street lamps, 70; City Box Factory, 20; Novelty Iron Works, castings and machinery, 65; Diebold Safe and Lock Co., 420; Chieftain Hay Rake Co., 30; Bucher & Gibbs Plow Co., 133; Elbel & Co., saddlery and hardware, 252; Peerless Reaper Co., 150; Wrigley Bros., paper boxes, 32; Hampden Watch Manufacturing Co., 1,276; Dueber Watch Case Co., 996. State Report, 1890. Population in 1880, 12,258. School census, 1888, 6,677, J. H. Lehman, school superintendent. Capital invested in industrial establishments, $3,335,244. Value of annual product, $4,705,297.-Ohio Labor Statistics, 1887.

Since these last statistics of 1888 were gathered, Canton has taken a surprising bound in importance among the manufacturing points. This by the accession of the Hampden Watch Manufacturing Company from Springfield, Mass., combined with the Dueber Watch Case Company from Newport, Kentucky. Unitedly they employ over 2,300 workmen, who with their families increase the population over 5,000. This brings, at this writing, just gathered, the census of Canton, for 1890, to 26,337. The establishment of these works in Canton was in consequence of a proposition made by its citizens, at the close of some preliminary negotiations, to Mr. John Dueber, of Newport, Kentucky, that if he would bring his works here and those from Springfield, Mass., which he had recently purchased, they would give him $100,000 in cash, 20 acres of land on a beautiful commanding site and exemption from city taxation for ten years; the whole representing a cash valuation of at least $175,000. So happy now is Canton, for she starts on the new decade prepared to supply the time for the whole world-tick! tick! tick!

TRAVELLING NOTES.

Canton is a solid substantial appearing town. A marked feature is its public square in the centre, whereon forty years ago was a market. The square is some two hundred or more feet wide and say four hundred feet long, all open and paved, used as a street and bounded with substantial buildings. The new view is looking

out of the square down Tuscarawas street. On the right appears the new courthouse, occupying the site of that shown in my old picture: beyond is seen the tower of the Hurford House, and in the distance appear the spires of the First Methodist Episcopal, Presbyterian and Lutheran churches, costly and elegant buildings. The last named is built of the cream-tinted Massillon sandstone, on which is carved the sublime heart-resting line, which opens Luther's famous battle hymn-"A mighty fortress is our God."

The Hurford House at which I stopped, is a remarkably well-built, well appointed hostelry. It has 110 rooms, and cost, including furniture, $125,000. The proprietor, Mr. Alex. Hurford, is past the hustling period of life has the honor of being one of the town born; his first appearance here was in the "sad and dreary month of November," A. D. 1817; but there is nothing of the sad and dreary about him. He has lived the town and has given me some amusing items.

Like a large part of the original stock of this central back-bone region of Ohio, his father, Thomas Hurford, was from Pennsylvania; moreover a Chester county Quaker, and a queer thing about him was that he changed his Quaker garb at the beck of a poll parrot. He was in Winchester, Virginia, on business, and while there, on passing up a street he was startled by the cry, as he supposed from an upper window, "You're a Quaker." Looking around, he saw no one and started on, but had proceeded but a few steps more, when the cry was repeated, "You're a Quaker." Again looking around and seeing no one, he hastened on, angry at what he considered a deliberate insult to his religion. Some hours later he passed the same spot, when he was again saluted with the same cry, "You're a Quaker." Quickly turning, he discovered the guilty party: it was a parrot. He was so much chagrined at the circumstance, that, as soon as he got home, he doffed his Quaker clothes and never resumed them.

My father learned the milling business, emigrated to Ohio and worked in a mill at Steubenville, for the great man of the place who had founded it, Bezaleel Wells. During this time he took a flat-boat to New Orleans with flour, on which he cleared $2,500. With this money he came to Canton, which had been laid out by his old employer, Bezaleel, and built the now abandoned mill yet standing below the Oak Grove.

Before the building of the Ohio canal," said he, "the people were wretchedly poor for the want of a market. Within my memory, the farming folks used to start to church Sundays barefoot, carrying their shoes and stockings in a handkerchief until they got to the foot of south hill, near where Aultman & Co.'s works now are, when they would stop and put them on. At that time wheat brought but twenty-five cents a bushel and had no outlet except by wagon to Cleveland and Pittsburg.

Most

The only things that would bring cash were beeswax and ginseng. Store coffee then cost fifty cents a pound. It could not be bought without ginseng, beeswax or money. well-to-do families made it a point to have store coffee on Sunday: on other days, used coffee from burnt rye or wheat. My father, about 1823, kept a store on the southeast corner of Market Square, now the site of Durben & Wright's drug store. He paid about 25 cents a pound for ginseng. It was cut into, say, about four-inch pieces and strung on strings, like as our grandmothers used to string their apples for drying. The ginseng

was sent to Pittsburg in wagons and thence to China, for the use of the pig-tail people." They used it as a substitute for opium and as joss sticks, to burn as incense before their idols.

My father was, at the beginning, farmer, miller and distiller. Whiskey sold for two cents a dram, or eighteen cents a gallon: and everybody drank. In the spring of 1821 or 1822. he loaded two flat-boats with whiskey, at Bethlehem, in this county, for New Orleans. The river changed its name according to the branches that poured into it. At Bethlehem it was the "Tuscarawas," lower down White Woman," then "White Woman" was succeeded by "One Leg," and that went into the "Muskingum," which in the Indian, signifies an "Elk's Eye," and next came the Ohio, the "Beautiful River." This swelled the "Father of Waters," and so at last, on the bosom of these many waters, father's whiskey got to New Orleans.

When the idea of the Ohio canal going through Canton was broached, it met with great opposition from some of the leading men, who fought it away, and it was located

eight miles west and made the town of Massillon, and that sunk this town for twenty years. Among its opponents were three old doctors, who shook their heads, looked wise, and said it would increase the ague: almost everybody was then shaking with the ague. Every season seven out of every ten had their turn at the shakes. So the three wise doctors scared the people dreadfully, by simply putting their canes to their mouths and thus delivering themselves lugubriously. Great personal animosities arose in consequence between the enemies and friends of the "big ditch" my father, who favored it, made enemies who remained so until he died. This

statement of Mr. Hurford but supplies another illustration of the old truth, that mankind may forgive your crimes, but never your opinions.

To one of the old doctors, the work seemed so stupendous, so impossible of accomplishment that he said if the Almighty would just allow him to live until the canal was finished, he would willingly lie down and yield up the ghost. Within three years from that utterance, the canal was in full operation from the lake to the river, yet the old doctor seemed not quite ready to have his ghost "go up a spout.

My father claimed the canal would create a current and drain the swamps. When it was finished the sanitary effect of the measure was astonishing. It drained the swamps throughout its course and malaria largely disappeared through its influence.

put them in happy smiling frames of mind. Massillon at once sprang into a great wheat market for a large section of country-for Stark, Carroll, Wayne, Holmes and Richland counties. And strings of wheat wagons from all directions poured into the place, cumbered the streets, and Massillon rejoiced in much trade.

In the palmy days at Massillon, one could tell on meeting the returning farmers on the road, without a question, whether wheat was up or wheat was down. If down, they approached slowly, their heads hanging, and to your question would drawl out in sleepy tones, kind o'grumpy, feefty cents." If wheat was up, they would be seen coming up at a rapid rate, horses on a gallop, heads up, eyes bright, and if you inquired, "Neighbor, how is wheat to-day?" they would jerk out sharp, with an upward toss of the head, but a single word"Dollar!"

The loss of the canal was the first lost opportunity for the prosperity of Canton. The second came years later. The projectors of the Cleveland and Pittsburg Railroad, the first railroad built across Eastern Ohio, from lake to river, said to our people, Subscribe $10,000 and you shall have the railroad. But the leaders again sniveled their noses and gave a toss of their heads and blurted out,

66

Won't do any such thing. It's all in your eye. The railroad has got to come through Canton, anyway, the railroad folks can't help themselves!" But it didn't: it went 18 miles east and thereupon the town of Alliance sprang up. But for these dead weights, neither Alliance nor Massillon would have had a being, and Canton to-day would have more than absorbed their entire populations, for growing centres increase through their own accommodations. Now comes a third opportunity, the chance for obtaining the great Hampden-Dueber watch works.

The very first start of the work was beneficial. The canal was principally dug by Ohio farm boys; eldest sons of the farmers who earned from $6 to $10 per month and boarded at home: this with a larger part of them was about the first chance that they ever had to get a whack at any money. And this greatly benefited the farming people; On my original visit to Canton I met Mr. JOHN SAXTON. He was born in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, in 1792, came to Canton in 1815, when it was a village of three hundred inhabitants and not a newspaper west of it, and died here Sunday, April 16, 1871, at the age of 81. A late publication says of him :-" He was the oldest editor and morally one of the best men in the profession in the United States. He started the "Stark County Repository" in the year 1815, and and continued it consecutively for fifty-six years.

When the news came to him of the surrender of Napoleon III. at Sedan, to the Germans, he copied from his files of fifty-five years preceding, the account of the surrender, June 18, 1815, of Napoleon I. after Waterloo, to the Germans and British, and wrote a very touching article upon the mutability of human affairs. Almost to the day of his death he continued to set type with his own hands. Major McKinley, M. C., married with his son's daughter.

His paper was a pure, cleanly issue. He felt deeply the moral responsibility of an editor's position. His biographer says of him-He practised religion in his daily life. He literally went about doing good. His every-day work was planned to that end. He began and ended it with a careful reading of the Scriptures and prayer. He ascertained who was sick and who was needy and had about as many patients for his daily visits as a physcian in moderate practice. In his old age although too deaf to hear a word, he was ever present in his pew at church, feeling it was good to be there. His temper was so under control, that one

who had worked by his side for over thirty years, never knew him to lose it but on a single occasion. The children on the streets loved him for his genial smile and loving ways, and he knew them all by name. The people called him "Father Saxton." In politics he began as a Federalist and eventually became a Republican.

A genial and obliging gentleman I find here in the editor of the Stark County Democrat, Mr. Archibald McGregor. He is a much older man than was Father Saxton when I knew him. They call him "Archie," in all this part of the State. He is every inch a Scotchman, was born in Lanarkshire, and takes a just pride in the fact. He presides at all gatherings of the Burns Club, in this region, and gives them original poems of patriotism in the dialect that warms the hearts in memories of the land of Robert Burns, Walter Scott, Gretna Green, Johnnie Groat's house, Hogg's Tales, etc.

The Stark County Democrat was started jointly by his father and himself in 1848. His father, Mr. John McGregor, was a graduate of the University of Glasgow, and a teacher by profession. He was by nature an ardent Republican, and a leader of the Radical party of 1819, bent on establishing a British Republic. Their plans were betrayed, and he with his family first fled to the mountains and then to America, to escape capture and imprisonment. And his little clan of McGregor which he had brought, grew and helped to brighten the land, he taking them to the liberty-crowned hills of Vermont for their first nestling place. Massillon in 1846.-Massillon is on the Ohio canal and Tuscarawas river, eight miles from Canton and sixty-five miles from Cleveland. It was laid out in March, 1826, by James Duncan, and named from John Baptiste Massillon, a celebrated French divine, who died in 1742, at the age of 79. The Ohio canal was located only a short time before the town was laid out, at which period, on its site was a grist mill, a distillery and a few dwellings only.

The view was taken near the American hotel, shown on the right, and within a few rods of the canal, the bridge over which is seen in front. The town is compactly built, and is remarkable for its substantial appearance. It is very thriving and is one of the greatest wheat markets in Ohio. At times, Main street is almost completely blocked by immense wagons of wheat and the place has generally the bustling air of business. It lies in the centre of a very rich wheat region. The old town of Kendall, laid out about the year 1810 by Thomas Roach, joins on the east. Massillon contains 1 German Evangelical, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Lutheran, 1 Disciples, 1 Episcopal Methodist and 1 Catholic church; 2 hardware, 2 wholesale grocery and 11 dry goods stores; 6 forwarding houses, 3 foundries, 3 machine shops, 1 newspaper office, 1 bank, 1 woolen factory, and had in 1840, 1,420 inhabitants and now has about 2,000. "Just below the town commences a series of extensive plains, spreading over a space of ten or twelve miles in length from east to west and five or six in breadth. These were covered with a thin growth of oak timber and were denominated barrens, but, on cultivation, they produced fine crops of wheat. The Tuscarawas has cut across these plains on their western end, and runs in a valley sunk about thirty feet below their general surface."-Old Edition.

MASSILLON is eight miles west of Canton, on the Tuscarawas river, the Ohio Canal, the P. Ft. W. & C.; C. L. & W.; W. & L. E. and M. & C. Railroads.

City Officers, 1888: Josiah Frantz, Mayor; Joseph R. White, Clerk ; J. W. Foltz, Treasurer; Otto E. Young, Solicitor; Adam Wendling, Marshal. Newspapers: Independent, Republican, R. P. Skinner, editor; American, Independent, J. J. Hoover, editor and publisher; Gleaner, Newstetter & Co., editors and publishers. Churches: 1 Presbyterian, 1 United Brethren, 1 Lutheran, 1 Evangelical, 1 Disciples, 1 Episcopal, 2 Catholic, 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 African. Banks: First National, S. Hunt, president, C. Steese, cashier; German Deposit, McClymonds, Albright & Co., P. G. Albright, cashier; Union National, Joseph Coleman, president, James H. Hunt, cashier.