The Metallurgy of Iron and Steel |
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Common terms and phrases
alloy amount annealing austenite basic open-hearth bath Bessemer process blast furnace blow blow-holes bottom brittle burned cast iron cementite cent charcoal charge chemical coal coke combined carbon combustion compounds containing converter cooling corrosion crucible crucible steel crystals cupola decrease diameters dissolved ductility effect electric elements engine eutectic ferrite flame foundry freezing fuel gases graphite hardened hardness hearth heat hydrogen impurities inch increase ingots iron and steel iron oxide ladle layer less liable lime liquid magnetic manganese material melting metal metallurgy minutes mold molten nickel nickel-steel open-hearth furnace open-hearth process open-hearth steel operation oxygen pearlite phosphorus piece pig iron pipe plate poured practice precipitated pressure produced reaction recarburizer reduced rolls sand scrap shown in Fig silica silicon slag smelting zone solid solution solidification steel castings strength sulphide sulphur surface Table temperature tion tons tuyeres usually Vanadium weight wrought iron
Popular passages
Page 482 - British thermal unit (BTU) is the amount of heat required to raise one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit. The Centigrade unit (CU) is the amount of heat required to raise one pound of water one degree Centigrade.
Page 389 - Irons, those which owe their properties chiefly to the presence of an element (or elements) other than carbon.
Page 6 - The committee recommends drawing the line between cast iron and steel at 2.20 per cent. carbon for the reason that this appears from the results of Carpenter and Keeling to be the critical percentage of carbon corresponding to the point "a" in the diagrams of Roberts- Austen and Roozeboom.
Page 513 - The eighth report of the Alloys Research Committee of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers shows that rich copper aluminium alloys do not corrode when in conjunction with mild steel in sea-water.
Page 501 - Elongation. — After a bar under tensile stress has passed its elastic limit it begins to be permanently elongated in the direction of the pull. A soft metal, like copper or mild steel, will stretch out somewhat like...
Page 7 - Gray Pig Iron and Gray Cast Iron. — Pig iron and cast iron in the fracture of which the iron itself is nearly or quite concealed by graphite, so that the fracture has the gray color of graphite.
Page 7 - Steel, iron which is usefully malleable at least in some one range of temperature, and in addition is either (a) cast into an initially malleable mass; or (b) is capable of hardening greatly by sudden cooling: or (c) is both so cast and so capable of hardening.
Page 6 - Iron containing so much carbon or its equivalent that it is not malleable at any temperature. The committee recommends drawing the line between cast iron and steel at 2.20 per cent carbon. Cast Steel. — The same as crucible steel; obsolete, and confusing; the terms " crucible steel " or " tool steel
Page 6 - This name is also applied loosely to molten cast iron which is about to be so cast into pigs or is in a condition in which it could readily be cast into pigs.