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50 psia analysis assume behavior Btu/lbm Carnot Carnot cycle change in entropy Chap CO₂ coefficient collision combustion compression compressor const constant pressure constant specific heats control volume cooling defined diagram electric electron energy levels engine enthalpy entropy equation equilibrium Example exit feedwater heater figure fluid force ft/lbm ft/sec fuel gases Gibbs function h₁ h₂ heat transfer humidity ideal gas inlet internal energy irreversible isentropic isentropic process kinetic energy mass flow microscopic mixture molal mole molecular molecules N₁ N₂ nitrogen nozzle number of particles obtained output P₁ partition function percent phase piston pound mass Prob psia Rankine cycle reaction relation result saturated liquid second law shown in Fig SOLUTION specific heat specific humidity specific volume steady-flow steam substance T₁ T₂ Table tank thermal efficiency thermodynamic properties thermodynamic system tion turbine V₁ velocity water vapor