Bones: Ancient Men and Modern MythsBones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths focuses on bone structures and characteristics, including bone modifications, breakage, processing, and destruction by animals. The publication first elaborates on the transitions to relics to artifacts and monuments to assemblages and middle-range research and the role of actualistic studies, including artifact and assemblage phase and relic and monument phase. The text then takes a look at the patterns of bone modifications produced by nonhuman agents and human modes of bone modification. Discussions focus on breakage related to other forms of bone processing, morphology of bone breakage, chopping and bone breakage as butchering techniques, butchering marks, bone breakage and destruction by animals, tooth marks, and previous approaches to understanding the significance of broken and modified bone. The manuscript ponders on patterns of association stemming from the behavior of man versus that of beast, as well as control collections of animal-structured assemblages; information on kill behavior and comparisons; observations of wolves and their behavior; and studies of assemblage composition caused by beasts. The publication is a valuable source of information for researchers interested in bone structure and modifications. |
Contents
1 | |
Middlerange researchIn search of methodology | 31 |
Putting our knowledge to work Seeking to know the past | 243 |
Chapter 7 General conclusions | 289 |
299 | |
313 | |
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Common terms and phrases
agents anatomical animals archaeological record archaeologists arguments articulator ends behavior bone breakage Bonnichsen bovids break butchering Calcaneus caribou cave chaeological characteristic cut marks cylinders deposit destruction diagnostic diaphysis disarticulation Dismembering dismemberment distal distal end Distal femur distal humerus Distal metatarsal Distal radio-cubitus distal tibia Eskimo fact factor faunal assemblages femur Figure filleting frequencies Frison gnawing hominid human humerus hyena illustrated impact inference interpreted L. R. Binford lairs long bones M. D. Leakey Makapansgat mandible marrow Mary Leakey materials meat medial metacarpal metapodials metatarsal middle-range research modifications Mousterian Nunamiut observed Olduvai Gorge past patterns pelvis phalange predator–scavengers predators prey produced proximal humerus Proximal metatarsal proximal tibia rear leg recognized Relationship relative remains result ribs scapula scavenging semblages shaft skull spiral fractures splinters stone tools strategy studies surface Table tarsals teeth Thoracic vertebrae tibia tion transported Transverse variability vertebrae wolf kills wolves