The Grade Alternation System in Estonian Morphophonology |
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abstract analysis alternations in Estonian apocope auto-segmental model beatless vowel class of morphemes compensatory lengthening consonant cluster consonant stems declension degrees of length diphthong e.g. nom Estonian language examples extra-long Finnic Finnish fricative geminate obstruents genitive marker glides heavy syllable Historically intervocalic kana kilp:pi kukke kull:m length alternations lengthening rule lengthening to Q3 lengths in Estonian light syllable linear model linna long vowel longj metric foot metrical theory minimal triplets morpheme morphological analysis mot:te motte nominative and partitive open syllable paradigms partitive marker phonemic phonology postulate PWF consonant gradation Q2 and Q3 Q2 constraint Q3 formation Ql consonant qualitative gradation quantitative alternations saaka second syllable sepp seppa solution sonorants stress tier stressed syllable strong grade suffixes syllable boundary three lengths tupa type of gradation underlying forms underlying lengths underlying representation underlyingly unstressed vooras vowel deletion rules Vowel harmony vowel stems weak grade