A Grammar of Apabhraṃśa |
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Page 13
... voiced . ( d ) Among the spirants , s and m are voiceless and his voiced , but all are aspirate . 18. From very ancient times in the history of the Indo- Aryan languages there has been a tendency to have only similar conjunct consonants ...
... voiced . ( d ) Among the spirants , s and m are voiceless and his voiced , but all are aspirate . 18. From very ancient times in the history of the Indo- Aryan languages there has been a tendency to have only similar conjunct consonants ...
Page 14
... voiced to gh : muha for mukha ( mouth ) , sugha for sukha ( happiness ) , etc. It has also come from sk / sk / ks in the middle of a word : suşka → sukkha ( dried ) , akşi → akkhi ( eye ) , etc. g is original , but often also the voiced ...
... voiced to gh : muha for mukha ( mouth ) , sugha for sukha ( happiness ) , etc. It has also come from sk / sk / ks in the middle of a word : suşka → sukkha ( dried ) , akşi → akkhi ( eye ) , etc. g is original , but often also the voiced ...
Page 15
... voiced to ḍ , which appears as flap sound Hindi : ghoṭaka → ghoḍaa → ghoḍā Hindi T. th also is voiced to dh , which results as the flap sound rh in Hindi : pathati ( reads ) → padha - i , Hindi . d , coming from t and d , also ...
... voiced to ḍ , which appears as flap sound Hindi : ghoṭaka → ghoḍaa → ghoḍā Hindi T. th also is voiced to dh , which results as the flap sound rh in Hindi : pathati ( reads ) → padha - i , Hindi . d , coming from t and d , also ...
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Common terms and phrases
absolutive Apabhramsa Apabhramsa language Apbh language Awadhi beginning of Hindi bhāṣā case-endings conditional mood conjugation conjunct consonants dark period declension dhyāna division of Bihar early Apbh end of Apbh fallen form of Apbh gender genitive gradually grammar grammarians Hemacanda Hindi husband ijja Indeclinables infinitive inflexional kanta kar-i kara-hi karihi later literary locative forms long vowels lost MADHUSUDAN MISHRA Magadhi Maithili masc metre modal forms modern vernaculars nasal nasalisation neuter numbers older form optative palatalised Pali passive base passive construction passive force past participles past tense periphrastic popular language postpositions Prakrit preceding vowel present participles pronominal pronouns regional variations represents Sanskrit Sanskrit grammarians semivowels short vowel shortened sibilants spoken form subjunctive suffixes syntax texts Tirhut division typical Apbh usual phonetic change Vedic language verbs vocative voiced words ending अच्छे करउँ कासु जइ भग्गा जाइ जु तो मारिया वि हुआ