The History of HellFrom the beginning of recorded history people all over the world have believed in an afterlife with two principle destinations, and Hell has inspired more interest than Heaven, especially among painters and poets. This is an illustrated survey of how religious leaders, artists, writers and ordinary people in the West have visualized Hell. |
Contents
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
The Great Below | 5 |
The Egyptian Book of the Dead | 12 |
Zoroastrianism | 16 |
Classical Hades | 20 |
Platonic Hell | 30 |
The Roman Empire | 34 |
Sheol | 40 |
The Middle Ages | 89 |
Mystery Plays | 114 |
Purgatory | 125 |
Dantes Inferno | 133 |
The High Middle Ages | 145 |
The Reformation | 158 |
Baroque Hell | 172 |
The Mechanical Universe | 190 |
Gnosticism | 46 |
Manichaeism | 49 |
The Early Christians | 52 |
The Descent into Hell | 66 |
The Last Judgment | 71 |
Apocalyptic Tours of Hell | 83 |
The Enlightenment | 199 |
Swedenborgs Vision | 210 |
Goethes Faust | 218 |
Universalism | 233 |
The Age of Freud | 239 |
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Common terms and phrases
afterlife angels Apocalypse appear Augustine beast believe Blake body Bosch Brueghel called Catholic century Christ Christian Church Cocytus damned Dante Dante's dark dead death demons Devil dragon Dumuzi early earth Enkidu Ereshkigal eternal everlasting evil fall famous Faust fiery fire flames French gate Gilgamesh Giraudon/Art Gnostic God's gods Gospel Greek Gregory Hades Harrowing Harrowing of Hell Heaven Hell Hellmouth heretics Inanna Inferno Jesuits Jesus Jesus's Jewish king Last Judgment later Lazarus Limbo lived Lucifer medieval Middle Ages Milton monk myth Odysseus Origen Orpheus pagan painted Paradise Paul Persephone Peter Phlegethon plays poem poetry poets pope Protestant psychopomp punishment Purgatory religion religious resurrection river Roman saints salvation Satan Scala/Art Resource scene seems sermons serpents Simon Marmion sinners Sins Sir Orfeo souls spirits story Styx Tartarus Testament Thespesius thou thought torment torture tradition Tundal underworld universe Virgin vision literature York PLATE Zoroastrianism