Dry Grain Farming Families: Hausalund (Nigeria) and Karnataka (India) ComparedAnthropologists and economists have made persistent efforts to identify economic features of rural tropical economies in the simplest possible terms, in order to enhance their universality. This has resulted in the creation of doctrine on such matters as the causes of rural economic inequality and abysmal poverty. The doctrine is far too generalised to have any practical utility; it is ahistorical; and it usually involves the false belief that all cultivators in a community have similar economic responses. So firm is this orthodoxy that under-development studies have become deadlocked - to the point that our ignorance is constantly on the increase. The book represents a radical assault on prevailing orthodoxy, breaking the deadlock by insisting that we properly categorise the main types of agrarian system in the tropical world. Moreover, it practically demonstrates how to identify these important categories, and draw useful generalised conclusions about it, on the basis of detailed fieldwork in parts of northern Nigeria and south India. |
Contents
IX | 21 |
XI | 40 |
XII | 41 |
XIV | 44 |
XV | 46 |
XVI | 47 |
XVIII | 49 |
XIX | 73 |
XLIII | 168 |
XLIV | 176 |
XLV | 179 |
XLVI | 181 |
XLVII | 192 |
XLVIII | 193 |
XLIX | 195 |
L | 203 |
XX | 75 |
XXI | 76 |
XXII | 81 |
XXIII | 87 |
XXV | 88 |
XXVI | 91 |
XXVII | 103 |
XXVIII | 104 |
XXIX | 105 |
XXX | 106 |
XXXI | 120 |
XXXII | 132 |
XXXIII | 135 |
XXXIV | 136 |
XXXV | 139 |
XXXVI | 141 |
XXXVII | 160 |
XXXVIII | 162 |
XXXIX | 164 |
XLI | 165 |
XLII | 166 |
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Dry Grain Farming Families: Hausalund (Nigeria) and Karnataka (India) Compared Polly Hill No preview available - 1982 |
Common terms and phrases
acreage acres Adikarnataka agricultural Anekal Taluk Anekal villages animals Appendix Bangalore District Bangalore South Batagarawa Bhovi bonded labourers Buchanan Bukkasagara casuarina cattle census Chapter countryside cows crops cultivators daily-paid densely populated dominant castes donkeys Dorayi dry grain mode dry land economic exports farm labourers farm slaves farm-holdings farm-plots farm-slavery farming households fathers fieldwork Fulani gandu groundnuts groups hamlets Harijans Hausa Hausaland Hill household heads Hullahalli Ibid impoverished involved irrigation irrigation tanks jodidars joint households Kano Emirate Kuruba lack landless living Mahantalingapura mainly manure marriage married sons migration millet Mysore Nanjapura necessarily non-farming northern Hausaland occupations official owing owners ownership plots plough polygyny poor population density poverty pre-colonial produce proportion ragi reasons Reddy regions relation rich richer farmers richer households selling south India south-eastern Karnataka Srirampura statistics Table Tamil Nadu thotis traders usually Vabasandra Village Area village land West Africa women yield
Popular passages
Page 15 - ... of large bodies of the human race, placed under different circumstances, can be learnt only by an appeal to experience. He must, indeed, be a shallow reasoner, who by mere efforts of consciousness, by consulting his own views, feelings and motives, and the narrow sphere of his personal observation, and reasoning a priori, from them expects that he shall be able to anticipate the conduct, progress and fortunes of large bodies of men, differing from himself in moral or physical temperament, and...
Page 14 - We must get comprehensive views of facts, that we may arrive at principles that are truly comprehensive. If we take a different method, if we snatch at general principles, and content ourselves with confined observations, two things will happen to us. First, what we...
Page 14 - If we wish to make ourselves acquainted with the economy and arrangements by which the different nations of the earth produce and distribute their revenues, I really know but of one way to attain our object, and that is, to look and see. We must get comprehensive views of facts, that we may arrive at principles which are truly comprehensive.
Page 16 - With the master, what is new and significant develops vigorously amid the 'manure' of contradictions out of the contradictory phenomena. The underlying contradictions themselves testify to the richness of the living foundation from which the theory itself developed. It is different with the disciple. His raw material is no longer reality, but the new theoretical form in which the master had sublimated it. It...
Page 2 - Ricardo was unhistorical in his approach, and that the main distinction between Marx and Ricardo is that Marx saw capitalism as a mere passing phase in the history of human society, whereas Ricardo did not.
Page 13 - ... be universally true, which, at every step of our further progress, we shall be obliged to confess are frequently false : and, secondly, we shall miss a great mass of useful knowledge, which those who advance to principles by a comprehensive examination of facts, necessarily meet with on their road. If we want to understand the subjects of wages or rent for instance, and take the trouble to observe how the various nations of the earth employ and pay their laborers or distribute to the landowners...
Page 15 - ... the most comprehensive views of society. The principles which determine the position and progress, and govern the conduct, of large bodies of the human race, placed under different circumstances, can be learnt only by an appeal to experience. He must, indeed, be a shallow reasoner, who by mere efforts of consciousness, by consulting his own views, feelings and motives, and the narrow sphere of his personal observation, and reasoning a priori, from them expects that he shall be able to anticipate...
Page 19 - Agricultural Labourer : A person who works in another person's land for wages in money, kind or share should be regarded as an agricultural labourer. He has no risk in the cultivation but he merely works in another person's land for wages. The labourer could have no right of lease or contract on land on which he works.
Page 18 - C' should be used. Definition of Cultivator: — For purposes of the Census a person is working as Cultivator if he or she is engaged in cultivation by oneself or by supervision or direction in one's capacity as the owner or lessee of land held from...