The Scientific Study & Teaching of Languages: A Review of the Facts and Problem Connected with the Learning and Teaching of Modern Language with an Analysis of the Various Methods which Maybe Adopted in Order to Attain Satisfactory Result |
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Page 12
... written mediums . ( P. 47. ) Section 12. - In order to determine the best programme for a given student , we must take into consideration four subjec- tive factors : ( a ) The student ; ( b ) his previous study of the language ; ( c ) ...
... written mediums . ( P. 47. ) Section 12. - In order to determine the best programme for a given student , we must take into consideration four subjec- tive factors : ( a ) The student ; ( b ) his previous study of the language ; ( c ) ...
Page 13
... written by natives . ( c ) The speaking of the language as spoken by natives . ( d ) The writing of the language as written by natives . ( P. 71. ) Section 15. - Segregation . In order to exclude confusion and misunderstanding , during ...
... written by natives . ( c ) The speaking of the language as spoken by natives . ( d ) The writing of the language as written by natives . ( P. 71. ) Section 15. - Segregation . In order to exclude confusion and misunderstanding , during ...
Page 14
... written aspects with a view to active and passive use . The whole period of study will be divided into three stages . ( P. 188. ) Section 22. - The first or elementary stage , of 14 STUDY AND TEACHING OF LANGUAGES AN IDEAL STANDARD ...
... written aspects with a view to active and passive use . The whole period of study will be divided into three stages . ( P. 188. ) Section 22. - The first or elementary stage , of 14 STUDY AND TEACHING OF LANGUAGES AN IDEAL STANDARD ...
Page 24
... written characters can possibly convey any notion of the true pronunciation of a language and therefore abandon all idea of making them do so . In another case the author is proud to announce that as translation is an untrustworthy ...
... written characters can possibly convey any notion of the true pronunciation of a language and therefore abandon all idea of making them do so . In another case the author is proud to announce that as translation is an untrustworthy ...
Page 26
... written documentation , has to be picked up . ' Linguistic work is not his profession ; he is no phonetician and his ... writing no training at all would appear necessary . When the author is not a phonetician , and is ignorant of the ...
... written documentation , has to be picked up . ' Linguistic work is not his profession ; he is no phonetician and his ... writing no training at all would appear necessary . When the author is not a phonetician , and is ignorant of the ...
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Common terms and phrases
adjectives advanced stages adverbs Alogisms anglais answer aspect assimilation bad learner boîte catenizing chaise colloquial concrete craie crayon declension demain dialect English equivalent ergonic chart ergonic combination est-ce etymology etymon examples exercises express factors faculties fait fenêtre foreign language français French frequency frequency statistics function given language graphic Indirect Object infinitive knowledge l'armoire la porte language-study lessons Levez-vous lexicological units Linguistic Pedagogy literary livre Londres material association means memorizing microcosm miolog mode modified monologs mother tongue n'est nature nouns object orthoepy orthographic papier passive past participle peux phonetic phonetician pidgin plafond plume polylog porte prends preterite primary matter principle pronounce pronunciation pupil pupitre Qu'est-ce question Regardez secondary matter Section semantic semanticizing sentences sommes sounds speak speech student subconscious comprehension substitution tables sur la table teacher teaching tenses term tion translation understand venir verb vocabulary Voici Voilà words write written
Popular passages
Page 84 - ... possible. 4. Grammar will at first be taught inductively, by grouping together and drawing general conclusions from such facts, as are observed in reading. A more systematic study is to be kept for a later stage. 5. The teacher will endeavour to connect the words of the foreign language directly with the ideas they express, or with other words of the same language, not with those of the mother tongue.
Page 72 - In order to exclude confusion and misunderstanding during the initial period of conscious study, the phonetic orthographic, etymological, semantic and ergonic aspects of language must be segregated from each other and taught independently.
Page 77 - ... there is a vast preponderance of subconscious work, both active and passive ; when the average person studies a foreign language the contrary is usually the case. We would suggest that one of the essential principles of all methods designed on the
Page 29 - Language is the medium, by which thoughts are conveyed from one person to another, consequently all words or combinations of words used orally or by writing must be considered as coming within the scope of language...
Page 13 - Learning by heart is the basis of all linguistic study ; for, every sentence ever uttered or written by anybody has either been learnt by heart in its entirety or else has been composed (consciously or subconsciously) from smaller units each of which must at one time have been learnt by heart
Page 59 - ... morphological identity between Hungarian words and English ones. The superficial difficulty of the language will tend to force him to adopt a right line of study, just as the superficial facility of Italian will tempt the Frenchman into the wrong path. A paradox-loving Belgian pupil of the writer's once declared English to be far more difficult of acquisition than German. Written English, he said, looked so absurdly easy that it was impossible not to believe that it was a wordfor-word transcription...
Page 119 - The teacher will cause the student to pass from the known to the unknown by easy stages, each of which will serve as a preparation for the next, and thereby secure a constantly increasing rate of progress.
Page 12 - To the end of enabling the student of a foreign language ' to understand what he hears and reads, and also to express himself correctly both by the oral and written mediums,' Mr Palmer works out a standard programme and lays down a methodology for both teacher and taught.
Page 91 - When the foreign word to be demonstrated is known to be for all practical purposes the equivalent of a native word, translation is a better mode than definition ; when the word to be demonstrated is known to be a doubtful equivalent or when the value of the equivalence is unknown, it is more prudent to confirm the translation by definition or by context ; when the word to be demonstrated is known to have no equivalent whatever in the native language, then we must have recourse to definition or to...
Page 309 - ... Unless the student has achieved a certain degree of speed in the automatic production of English speech sounds, it is impossible for him to reproduce the correct rhythms and intonations of normal English speech. Fluency of pronunciation is based on what Palmer calls 'catenizing'. This he defines as: 'Learning to pronounce accurately and rapidly a given succession of sounds, without conscious calculation, generally apart from all considerations of meaning. A sentence, phrase, or word is said to...