Decomposable Measures of Economic InstabilityUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 1982 - 14 pages |
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Page 363
... First - order Deviations A large number of researchers have chosen to use measures of instability which are defined in terms of the absolute values of the deviations between the actual and predicted time series . Such measures are ...
... First - order Deviations A large number of researchers have chosen to use measures of instability which are defined in terms of the absolute values of the deviations between the actual and predicted time series . Such measures are ...
Page 367
... First - order Deviations 12 Given an arithmetic prediction operator p and corresponding measure of instability I based on first - order deviations , it can easily be seen that for any It can easily be verified that the operators p . and ...
... First - order Deviations 12 Given an arithmetic prediction operator p and corresponding measure of instability I based on first - order deviations , it can easily be seen that for any It can easily be verified that the operators p . and ...
Page 368
... first example , Table 2 gives the deviations for four time 13 The relative instabilities I ( Y ) and I , ( Z ) based on first - order deviations are defined analogously to the measures based on squared deviations , i.e. using the ...
... first example , Table 2 gives the deviations for four time 13 The relative instabilities I ( Y ) and I , ( Z ) based on first - order deviations are defined analogously to the measures based on squared deviations , i.e. using the ...
Common terms and phrases
arithmetic prediction operator based on first-order based on squared components composite variables Coppock country's effective exchange covariance and correlation currency Dac Tuong decomposed decomposition provided defined with respect effective exchange rate equation 15 Erb and Schiavo-Campo example exchange rate instability exponential least-squares export earnings export instability factor q first-order deviations fluctuations geometric decomposition property geometric measure geometric prediction operators given by equation instability based instability index instability satisfying Journal of World Lancieri log Q mathematical formulation measure of instability measure satisfying moving averages multiplicative composite normalized measure number of researchers predicted time series predicted value price and quantity pY₁ q₁ quantitative decomposition quantitative relationship satisfying the geometric scaling factor Schiavo-Campo 1969 series pY series Y squared deviations standard deviation Standard error trend-corrected correlation coefficient trend-corrected covariance u₁ UNCTAD unit value United Nations v₁ value and volume value of exports variance World Trade Law Y)+b² Y₁ Y₁-pY