The Distributional Effects of an Investment-based Social Security System, Issue 7492 |
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3.5 percent 9 percent administrative costs analysis Andrew Samwick annuities assume Average Benefit levels calculations cohort column contributions covered earnings current law current Social Security discount rate Distributional Effects Divorced finance Fourth Quintile high school High Highest Quintile Hispanics income quintile internal rate investment based system Investment-Based Social Security Jeffrey Liebman John Shoven Law Social Security Less than high lower Lowest Lifetime Income married couples Martin Feldstein mean benefits microsimulation mixed system NBER Working Paper Never Married pay-as-you-go tax percent of payroll percent payroll tax Percent with retirement Personal Retirement Accounts potential poverty poverty line present value pure pay-as-you-go system Quintile Second Quintile rate of return redistribution reduced retirement benefits sample members Samwick saving rate Shoven simulated SIPP Social Security Administration Social Security benefits Social Security Reform Social Security rules Social Security system spouse subgroups substantially Supplemental Security Income Third Quintile topcode unmarried Widowed women workers