Genetics of Sex DeterminationR.S. Verma The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection by R.A. Fisher (1930) dictated that sexual dimorphisms may depend upon a single medelian factor. This could be true for some species but his suggestion could not take off the ground as gender in Drosophila is determined by the number of X chromosomes. Technical advances in molecular biology have revived the initial thinking of Fisher and dictate that TDF or SRY genes in humans or Tdy in mice are sex determining genes. The fortuitous findings of XX males and XY female, which are generally termed sex reversal phenomenon, are quite bewildering traits that have caused much amazement concerning the pairing mechanism(s) of the pseudoautosomal regions of human X and Y chromosomes at meiosis. These findings have opened new avenues to explore further the genetic basis of sex determination at the single gene level.The aim of the fourth volume, titled Genetics of Sex Determination is to reflect on the latest advances and future investigative directions, encompassing 10 chapters. Commissioned several distinguished scientists, all pre-eminent authorities in each field to shed their thoughts concisely but epitomise their chapters with an extended bibliography. Obviously, during the past 60 years, the metoric advances are voluminous and to cover every account of genes, chromosomes, and sex in a single volume format would be a herculean task. Therefore, a few specific topics are chosen, which may be of great interest to scientists and clinicians. The seasoned scientists who love to inquire about the role of genes in sex determination should find the original work of these notable contributors very enlightening. This volume is intended for advanced students who want to keep abreast as well as for those who indulge in the search for genes of sex determination. |
Contents
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CHAPTER 10 MECHANISM OF SEX DETERMINATION IN MAMMALS | 305 |
GENES CHROMOSOMES AND SEX | 355 |
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Common terms and phrases
abnormal Acad activity allele androgen associated autosomal binding bivalent chromatin cloned Cytogenet deletion distal Drosophila duct embryos encodes expression external genitalia fertile fetal function genome germ cells Goodfellow H-Y antigen homologous Hum Genet human hybridization inactivation inactive karyotype locus Lovell-Badge male meiosis mammalian sex mammals marsupials mechanism meiosis metaphase methylation molecular mosaicism Müllerian mutations Natl normal oocytes ovarian ovary ovotestis pachynema pachytene pairing patients phenotype Proc pseudoautosomal region receptor recombination replication result role seminiferous sequences Sertoli cells sex chromosomes sex determination sex reversal short arm somatic species spermatogenesis spermatogenic spermatogonia SRY gene SRY protein sterile studies suggest synapsis synaptonemal complex telomeres temperature testicular differentiation testis testis-determining transcription translocations true hermaphroditism Turner syndrome X-chromosome X-inactivation X-linked Xist XX hermaphrodites XX males XX true hermaphrodites XY females XY gonadal dysgenesis XY sex reversal Y chromosome
Popular passages
Page 28 - Kwok C, Weller PA, Stevanovic M, Weissenbach J, Mansour S, Young ID, Goodfellow PN, Brook JD, Schafer AJ: Campomelic dysplasia and autosomal sex reversal caused by mutations in an SRY-related gene.
Page 28 - Bardoni B, Zanaria E, Guioli S, Floridia G, Worley KC, Tonini G, Ferrante E, Chiumello G, McCabe ERB, Fraccaro M, Zuffardi O, Camerino G: A dosage sensitive locus at chromosome Xp21 is involved in male to female sex reversal.