The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American BusinessThe role of large-scale business enterprise—big business and its managers—during the formative years of modern capitalism (from the 1850s until the 1920s) is delineated in this pathmarking book. Alfred Chandler, Jr., the distinguished business historian, sets forth the reasons for the dominance of big business in American transportation, communications, and the central sectors of production and distribution. |
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Contents
The Visible Hand i | 1 |
The Traditional Processes | 13 |
The Traditional Enterprise in Production | 50 |
The Revolution in Transportation | 79 |
Railroad Cooperation and Competition 1870s1880s | 122 |
SystemBuilding 1880s1900s | 145 |
Completing the Infrastructure | 188 |
and Production | 207 |
Integration Completed | 345 |
The Management and Growth | 377 |
Function and Structure | 415 |
The Maturing of Modern Business Enterprise | 455 |
The Managerial Revolution | 484 |
The Ascendancy of the Manager | 490 |
SeedBed of Managerial Capitalism | 498 |
Notes | 515 |
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accounting administrative coordination Albert Fink Alexander Turney Stewart allocation American railroads American Tobacco Company became began building canal capital cars central century chap Chicago committee Company company's consolidation continued costs cotton crude oil developed economy Electric engineers executives expanded facilities factory firms flow freight functional Gould growth Henry Varnum Poor Hidy industrial enterprises innovation internal investment J. P. Morgan jobbers largest lines machinery machines Macy's major managerial manufacturing Marshall Field mass production merchants merger middle managers million mills modern business enterprise Ohio oligopolistic Oligopoly operating organization organizational output Pennsylvania Railroad Company percent plant Pont president processes of production production and distribution profits purchasing retailers roads Rubber salaried managers sell small number Springfield Armory Standard Oil Steel strategy structure telegraph textile tion top management trade traffic transportation United vertical integration volume Western Western Union wholesalers York