86 XII.-REVENUE from DUTIES. [Salt and Tea Duties. Excise Establishment and Revenue-continued. 36.-Sixth Report of the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Excise Establishments, and management and collection of the Excise Revenue throughout the United Kingdom. Sess. 1834, (T.) vol. 24, p. 237. SUBJECT.-Malt Duties, Ireland. See likewise under Head VII. Salt Duties, 1801: 41.-[Reports from the Select Committee on the Laws relative to the Salt Duties, and on the means of remedying the inconveniences arising therefrom. First Series, vol. x. pp. 506, 507 ; and 1st Report, Sess. 1805, (35.) vol. 3, p. 69. -2d Report, Sess. 1818, (115.) vol. 5, p. 299. upon SUBJECTS.-Intricacies and perplexities of the salt laws, and their bad effects on the fisheries, &c.—A relaxation or revision of the present salt duties necessary, and the best method to be adopted.-Frauds committed on the revenue by the evasion of the duties on salt. Salt Duties, 1817: 42.-Report from the Select Committee on the use of Rock Salt in the Fisheries; Regulations on the use of and storing of Refined Salt; Allowance of Salt duty free; Duties on Foreign Salt imported, and state of the Duty Mineral and other Alkali. Sess. 1817, (247.) vol. 3, p. 121. SUBJECTS. Disadvantage to the fisheries if prevented from using foreign salt.-Use of crushed rock salt.-Experiments to be made to ascertain its relative quality.-No additional duty should be imposed on foreign salt.-Preference of British salt for curing herrings.-Manufacture of alkali and kelp to be encouraged. 43.-Report from the Select Committee on the Laws relating to the Salt Duties. Sess. 1818, (393.) vol. 5, p. 339. [135.] SUBJECTS.-Effect of the duty in discouraging the use of salt in manufactures and other beneficial purposes.-Use of salt in agriculture:-by grazing farmers in feeding cattle.Different qualities of salt.-Proportion used in curing bacon and pork.-Prices of those meats.-Domestic consumption.Kelp.-Curing fish. See likewise Agriculture, under Head VI. Tea Duties: 44.-Report from the Select Committee on the expediency of establishing a fixed Rate of Duty on all descriptions of Tea imported into the United Kingdom. Sess. 1834, (518.) vol. 17, p. 1. SUBJECTS.-History of the manufacture of Canton bohea.--Great quantity of tea exported from China by the Americans.-Description of the manufacture of tea.-Quality of tea depends very much on the season. -No difficulty in distinguishing hyson and its dependent manufactures.-Lower classes of the people will not be benefited by the change in the proposed alteration of tea duties.-Greater profit to be made by importing bohea than congou.-A uniform rate of duty the best mode of preventing teas being smuggled. -Observations as to the working of the scale of rated duties with reference to its effect in a financial point of view.-Price of tea regulated by the supply and demand.-Amount of duty on teas in America.-Custom-house regulations in America with regard to the col'lection of duties.-Statement showing the decreased consumption of congou, and the increased consumption of bohea, at two different periods.-Probable operation of one duty on all teas.-Operation of the present scale of British duties.-Operation of the scale of duties adopted in the United States-and in Holland. LAND REVENUE. Derwentwater Estate, 1732: 45.-Report from the Select Committee relating to the Sale of the forfeited Estate of James late Earl of Derwentwater, and invested in His Majesty for the use of the Public. First Series, vol. 1. p. 351. SUBJECTS.-Fraudulent sale of estates, &c.-Suspicious circumstances attending the sale of an annuity charged on the Derwentwater estate.-Destruction, obliteration or suppression of records. Misconduct of the Commissioners in transacting their duties.-Suspected to have concerted the irregular sales, and to have connived at the destroying or suppression of records. -See Highland Roads and Bridges, under Head XIX. Woods, Forests, and Land Revenue : 1787-1793: 46.-[Seventeen Reports of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the State and Condition of the Woods, Forests and Land Revenues of the Crown. -Dated from 25 January 1787, to 28 March 1793. Journals, vol. 42, p. 310; vol. 43, pp. 145, 559; vol. 44, pp. 126, 552; vol. 45, p. 120; vol 46, p. 97; vol. 47, pp. 141, 883, 1031; vol. 48, p. 267.—[IV. V.] SUBJECTS.-History of the Royal Forests, and other estates of the Crown.-Claims on them in virtue of grants, or by custom or prescription.-Supply of timber for the navy. Observations on the growth of oak.- -Considerable information on the tenure of estates enjoyed under the Crown, and situated in, or reclaimed from, the King's Forests. 1797-1809: 47.-Four Reports of the Surveyor-General of His Majesty's Land Revenue, in pursuance of Act 34 Geo. 3. Sess. 1812, (274.) vol. 12, p. 513. [VI.] 1812-1834: Reports of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forests and Land 48.-First Report. Sess. 1812, (357.) vol. 12, p. 347. [VII.] SUBJECTS.-New system of management established by 34 Geo. 3, c. 75.-Recommendations in Mr. Fordyce's Reports in consequence.-Department of Land Revenue.- Leases granted.-Sales and purchases of estates.-Enfranchisements.-Improvement of Marylebone Park, on its reverting to the Crown.-Design by Messrs. Leverton & Chawner, and Mr. Nash.-Regent's Canal.-Improvement at Whitehall-place.-Near the Opera House.-In the line of Titchborne-street and Swallow-street-Drury-lane end of Holborn-At the Savoy.- -Department of Woods and Forests.-Consumption of oak timber.-Necessity of setting apart land for its cultivation, and progressive growth.-State of Royal Forests. 49.-Second Triennial Report. Sess. 1816, (147.) vol. 15. [VII.] SUBJECTS.-Leases granted.-Fee-farm rents sold.-Enfranchisements-Sales and purchases.-Improvement of Whitehall-place-Opera House.-Sale of palace at Newmarket.Inclosures. Approbation of Mr. Nash's Plan for improving Marylebone Park-which is carrying into execution.-Plan for a new street from Portland-place to Pall-mall, opposite Carlton-house. -State of the Royal Forests.-Plantations in Dean and New Forests, manner of managing them.-Nurseries established in the forests for raising plants.-Maintenance and repair of lodges and buildings in parks and forests. 50.-Third Triennial Report. Sess. 1819, (474.) vol. 19. [VII.] SUBJECTS.-Transactions since the last Triennial Report.-Purchase of the Claremont estate.-Grants of sites for churches.-Whitehall-place.-Sale of Newmarket palace.Progress in improvements of Marylebone Park.-Purchase of St. Marylebone Rectory. -New street from the "northern parts of the Metropolis to Charing-cross."-Money raised by loan and otherwise.-Purchase of property wanted for the new street.-Difficulty of adjusting claims for good-will.-Continuation of Pall-mall to St. Martin's Church.-Appropriation of land for the growth of timber. -Management of the Royal Forests.Waltham or Hainault and Epping Forests. - Proposition for disafforesting and inclosing, for preserving the growth of timber. Progressive growth of oak trees, ascertained by comparison at different periods. 51.-Fourth Triennial Report. Sess. 1823, (110.) vol. 11. [VII.] SUBJECTS.-State of Crown Property.-Proceedings of Commissioners since the last Report.-New leases granted.-Progress of the New Street, and of Regent's Park.-Plantations in royal parks and forests.-Oak plantations.-In what cases reduction of rents has been granted. 88 XII.-LAND REVENUE. [Land-tax.-Leases. Woods, Forests and Land Revenue-continued. 52.-Fifth Triennial Report of the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, SUBJECTS.-Improvements in the Parks.-Proposed New Streets.- Public Buildings. 53.--Sixth Triennial Report. Sess. 1829, (317.) vol. 14. [VII.] SUBJECTS.-Leases granted and sales made.-Fee-farm rents and enfranchisements.Grants and purchases.-Lighthouse.-Derelict lands in Lincolnshire, and waste lands at Hastings. Property in the Island of Alderney, and annuity to Duke of Atholl on duties in the Isle of Man.-Westminster-mews.-Buckingham Palace.-York-house.-Carlton-buildings on the site of Carlton-house and Gardens.-St. James's and Hyde Park improvementsAt Charing-cross.-Land revenue in Ireland. Whittlewood, Salcey, New and Parkhurst Forests. 54.-Seventh, or First Annual Report, under 10 Geo. 4, c. 50. Sess. 1830, (508.) vol 16. SUBJECTS. No inquiries concerning the estates of the Crown from the time of Queen Anne to 1786.-Proceedings since then to the present time.Leases granted and sales made, and other dispositions of the land revenue.-Exchanges and grants.-Derelict lands at Hastings.-New street at Charing-cross.-Land revenue in Ireland.-General receipts and expenditure. 55.-Eighth, or Second Annual Report. Sess. 1831, (179,) folio vol. SUBJECTS.-Leases granted.-Sales-Of Apsley-house to the Duke of Wellington.— Other sales and enfranchisements.- Progress of Charing-cross and Strand improvements.Accounts of general receipts and expenditure. 56.-Ninth, or Third Annual Report. Sess. 1831-32, (718.) folio vol. SUBJECTS.-Leases, sales, and enfranchisements.-Charing cross and Strand improvements. New street from opposite Waterloo-bridge to Covent-garden. - Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace. 57.-Tenth, or Fourth Annual Report. Sess. 1833, (738.) folio vol. SUBJECTS.-Appointment under Act 2 Will. 4, c. 1, of Three Commissioners to perform the duties of the former Commissioners and Surveyor-general.-Leases made.-Sales and enfranchisements.-Proceedings in improvements at Charing-cross and the Strand.-General statement of receipts and disbursements. 58.-Eleventh, or Fifth Annual Report. Sess. 1834, (607.) folio vol. SUBJECTS.-Leases granted and sales made.-Enfranchisements made, and fee-farmrents sold.-Purchaser.-Progress of Charing-cross improvements.-Grants of land for vicarage-house and national school in St. Martin's parish.-Holyhead roads and bridges placed under the direction of the Board.-Debts duc from the Board, and progress of liqui dation. Land-Tax Redemption: 59.-Statement of the Proceedings of the Lords Commissioners respecting Sales, &c. of Estates for the Redemption of the Land-Tax. SUBJECT.-Proceedings of the Commissioners. Sess. 1806, (214.) vol. 6, p. 517. [99.] 60.-Report of the Commissioners for the Sale and Redemption of the LandTax on Church and Corporation Estates. Sess. 1810, (325.) vol. 9, p. 119. [99.] SUBJECT.-Proceedings of the Commissioners. 61.-Report of the Commissioners for the Sale and Redemption of the LandTax on Church and Corporation Estates. Sess. 1812-13, (71.) vol. 5, p. 527. [99.] SUBJECT. Further proceedings; and suggestions for promoting the object of the Commission. Windsor Forest : 62. First, Second and Third Reports of the Commissioners on the State of Windsor Forest; and Appendix to Second and Third Reports. Sess. 1809, (132. 133. 134.) vol. 4, pp. 263. 271. 343. [72.] SUBJECTS.-Boundaries.-Manerial rights.-Claims of pasturage.-Forest courts and laws. Encroachments.—Cultivation of timber.-Evil habits encouraged by scattered residences on forests. 63.-Fourth Report of the Commissioners. Sess. 1810, (115.) vol. 9, p. 173. [72.] SUBJECTS.-Mode of allotting the forest, and principle of making compensation for rights extinguished.-Claims of the Crown. Crown Leases: 64.-Report from the Select Committee on the conduct of Mr. Nash, so far as regards the granting of Leases of, or Sale of, Crown Lands in Suffolk-street, Pall-mall-street, Regent-street, and adjoining the Regent's Canal. Sess. 1829, (343.) vol. 3, p. 37. SUBJECTS. On the proceedings of the Office of Woods in granting leases.-Imputed irregularity in respect of leases granted to Mr. Nash, one of the architects and surveyors employed by the Board.-Resolutions approving his integrity; but recommending the discontinuance of the practice of allowing an officer to become a lessee of the Crown in cases where it becomes his duty to report on his own buildings. 65.-Report from the Select Committee on the management of the Woods, Forests and Land Revenues of the Crown. Sess. 1833, (677.) vol. 14, p. 235. SUBJECTS.-Amount of revenue of Crown lands in Middlesex collection.-Arrears of Crown rents, and portion that is irrecoverable.-Freehold estates subject to a life interest do not sell so advantageously as if sold in fee.-Great depreciation in the value of villa and house property.-Suggestions for improvement in the mode of keeping accounts.— Arrears in entries of accounts.-Manner the expense of building Carlton-terrace was defrayed.-Particulars as to Chancery suits connected with York-house.-Collectors of Crown rents in Ireland very diligent.-Crown rents.-Fees on granting leases.- Crown lands usually let on leases without fines.-Management of the Scotch and Irish land revenue transferred to the Office of Woods and Forests.-Complaints of the depredations made by the deer in the New Forest.-Particulars respecting the sale of Ort's estate.-Nature of the expenditure on the different Parks by the Office of Woods and Forests and Board of Works. -Proceeds of quit-rents invested in the funds.-Receivers of Crown rents.-Expense of paving Regent-street.-Value of the tolls arising from Romford market.-Surveyors of Crown estates.-Opposition of Commissioners of the Thames Navigation to suggestions of Messrs. Driver.-Valuation of Crown property.-Duties and management of the Office of Woods and Forests; its establishment, and reductions therein, and control of the Treasury over it. 66.-Report. from the Select Committee on the management of the Woods, Forests and Land Revenues of the Crown. Sess. 1834, (579.) vol. 15, p. 457. SUBJECTS.-Amount of Crown rents and expense of collection.-Crown lands generally sold by public auction.-Sums expended on the improvements at Ort's estate near Reading. -Expenditure for inclosing forests for planting and protecting timber very considerable.Reduction in the disbursements connected with Windsor parks.-Arrears of Crown rents in Wales. Difficulties in defining boundaries of Crown and private property.-Ferries belonging to the Crown should not be granted on lease to private individuals.-Particulars respecting improvements made since the Crown obtained possession of the lands at Pobble O'Keefe. and see Public Works, under Head XIX.)-Value of Crown property in Orkney, and expense of management.-Land revenue of Ireland; mode of selling quit-rents there.The rights of the Crown in Ireland are not barred by fine and recovery.-See likewise under Head XIX. N 1.- Report from the Select Committee on the Petition of Cadogan Williams, recommending the purchase of Life Annuities under the authority of Government. Sess. 1829, (284.) vol. 3, p. 247. SUBJECTS.-Proposition of Cadogan Williams for establishing, under the authority and management of Government, a plan for allowing the purchase of deferred annuities.Advantage to the industrious classes.-Mr. Higham's plan for making Savings Banks subservient to this purpose by converting deposits into annuities. Mr. Finlaison's tables of the value of such annuities, and explanation of the principles on which they are constructed, and on the practicability of calculating tables for granting annuities under any conditions required.-Plan proposed in 1773.-Existing power of Commissioners of National Debt to grant deferred annuities explained. 2.-Report of John Finlaison, Actuary of the National Debt, on the Evidence and Elementary Facts on which the Tables of Life Annuities are founded. Sess. 1829, (122.) vol. 3, p. 287. SUBJECTS.-Explanation of the principles of calculation; with many tables.-Statement of facts and arithmetical conclusions deduced from observations on the mortality of the nominees in the various tontines, and sets of life annuities granted by Government.— Twenty-two observations, with the facts or data, and arithmetical consequences resulting, arranged in tables for easily conveying information. -Two tables: 1. showing the value of an annuity of 1,000l., deduced from various observations: 2. a comparison of the law of mortality deduced from certain observations. Usury and Annuities, 1777 : 3.--[Report from the Select Committee on the Laws against Usury, and on the present practice of granting Annuities. Journals, vol. 36, p. 489. SUBJECTS.-Laws for settling the rate of interest.-Year's purchase of annuities.-Calculations of the real value of annuities.-Mr. Mavor's tables ;-Mr. Morgan's. - Opinion that the rate of interest should be graduated according to the age of the person on whose life the annuity is granted;-resolution thereupon. Usury Laws, 1818: 4.-Report from the Select Committee on the Usury Laws. Sess. 1818, (376.) vol. 6, p. 139. [22.] - SUBJECTS.-Expediency of their Repeal.--Laws ineffectual.-Evaded, and higher rates of interest obtained than five per cent.-Money difficult to be raised on mortgage at that rate.-Granted by way of annuity.-Laws disadvantageous to landed property.-No restriction in Holland, Hambro', &c.-Fears as to the effects on tradesmen's bills drawn from the country.-Mode of transacting loans by way of annuities.-Mode of conducting sales of goods by brokerage, where money is advanced.-Opinion of several eminent conveyancers and solicitors on the subject of the rate of interest as affecting landed property, from the difficulty of raising money at five per cent. on mortgage. Friendly Societies: 5.-Report from the Select Committee on the Laws respecting Friendly Societies. Sess. 1825, (522.) vol. 4, p. 321. [134.] SUBJECTS.-Mode in which they are constituted.-Management.—- Utility.—Defects in the principle of Management in many instances, from Miscalculations.-Progress and present state of the law. Principles that should guide the interference of the Legislature in societies for lawful purposes.-Advantages of Mr. Rose's Act.-Number of friendly societies, and members. No power given to judge of the adequacy of the means of creating funds.— Defect in provisions to prevent dissolution.-Inadequacy of funds from defective calculations of the rate of contributions.-Evils of assembling in public-house.--Some evils as tending |