Heating, Cooling, Lighting: Design Methods for ArchitectsUsing a qualitative rather than a quantitative approach, presents detailed information based on concepts, rules, guidelines, intuition, and experience for architects in the areas of heating, cooling, and lighting at the schematic design stage. The data explored supports a three-tiered approach--load avoidance, using natural energy sources, and mechanical equipment. Among the topics covered are shading, thermal envelope, passive heating and cooling, electric lighting, and HVAC. Case studies illustrate how certain buildings use techniques at all three tiers for heating, cooling, and lighting. An appendix lists some of the more appropriate computer programs available to the architect for analysis at the schematic design stage. |
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allow amount angle appropriate architecture block brightness building cause ceiling Chapter climates cold color comfort convection cooling Courtesy create daylight determine diffuse direct ducts earth east effect efficiency electric energy evaporative example face FIGURE fins floor flow gain glare glass glazing heat horizontal humidity illumination important increase indoor insulation JULY JUNE lamps latitude less light materials natural night Note orientation outdoor overhang overheated passive period placed possible problem Protect reduce reflected region roof shading shading devices shadow shown shows side solar solar radiation space storage summer sunlight supply surface Table temperature thermal thermal mass tion trees United usually ventilation vertical wall wind winter zone