Origins of the Federal Reserve System: Money, Class, and Corporate Capitalism, 1890-1913

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Cornell University Press, 1989 - Business & Economics - 250 pages

The rise of corporate capitalism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries has long been a source of lively debate among historians. In Origins of the Federal Reserve System, James Livingston approaches this controversial topic from a fresh perspective, asking how, during this era, a "new order of corporation men" made itself the preeminent source of knowledge on all significant economic issues and thereby changed the character of public and political discourse in the United States.

The book seeks to uncover the roots of the Federal Reserve System and to explain the awakening and articulation of class consciousness among America's urban elite, two phenomena that its author sees as inseparable. According to Livingston, the movement for banking and monetary reform that led to the creation of the Federal Reserve System played an important role in the general transition from entrepreneurial to corporate capitalism: it was during this struggle for reform that a group of business leaders first emerged as a new corporate social class.

This interdisciplinary account of the social, cultural, and intellectual Origins of the Federal Reserve System offers both a discussion of the sources of modern public policy and a persuasive study of upper-class formation in the United States. The book will interest a wide audience of historians, economists, political scientists, sociologists, and others who wish to understand the rise of America's corporate elite, the class that has played a large-if not dominant-role in 20thcentury America.

 

Contents

Preface
9
Banking Reform in Theory and History
17
The Decline of CompetitiveEntrepreneurial Capitalism
31
The Emergence of Corporate Capitalism
49
From Countercyclical Theory and Practice to Sound
95
The Making of the Gold Standard
103
Toward a Central Banking
127
Forging a Consensus on Central Banking 19068
159
The National Monetary Commission and the New Agenda
188
Money Class and Politics
213
APPENDIXES
235
Copyright

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About the author (1989)

James Livingston is Assistant Professor of History at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte.