The Law of Nations: Or, Principles of the Law of Nature Applied to the Conduct and Affairs of Nations and Sovereigns. A Work Tending to Display the True Interest of Powers

Emer de Vattel

Thomas M. Pomroy, 1805 - International law - 563 pages

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OF	49

The equality of nations ibid	55

This is done by public minifters ibid	56

Every fovereign ſtate has a right to fend and receive pub lic minifters 518	57

An unequal alliance nor the treaty of protection does not take away this right ibid	58

Of Nations or fovereign States	59

of cities having the right of receiving foreign miniſters ibid	60

Miniſters of viceroys ibid	61

How it may be appropriated ibid 245 Of Hoſtages ibid 246 What right a fovereign has over hoſtages	305

The liberty alone of hoſtages is given as a pledge ibid 248 When they ought to be ſent back ibid 249 Whether they may be detained on any other acc...	306

Of the fupport of the hoſtages	307

A fubject cannot refufe being an hoftage ibid 253 Of the quality of hoſtages ibid 254 They ought not to fly ibid 255 Whether the hoftage who dies o...	308

Of him who takes the place of an hoftage ibid 257 Of an hoſtage that obtains the crown ibid 258 The engagement of the hoftage ends with the treaty ...	309

Of the interpretation of Treaties 262 That it is neceffary to eftabliſh rules of interpretation	310

If he who can and ought to explain himſelf has not done it it is to his own damage ibid	311

what ought to be taken for true which is fufficiently declared	312

Of the legislative power and whether it can change	66

All true fovereignty is unalienable fbid	69

Whether women and the children are to be accounted ene mies ibid	72

Of things belonging to the enemy ibid	73

Continue fuch everywhere ibid	74

Of neutral things found with an enemy ibid	75

Of lands poffeffed by foreigners in an enemys country ibid	76

Arbitation between the king and his fubjects	78

Of defenfive and offenfive alliances 392	80

Of auxiliary troops ibid	81

Of fubfidies ibid	82

The order of fucceffion ought commonly to be kept	84

Of alliances made with a nation whilst at war ibid	85

167 The prince ought to maintain the authority of the judges	87

What the cafus foederis is ibid	88

Never takes place in an unjuſt war ibid	89

The duty of a prince who nominates his fucceffor	90

A general maxim with regard to the ufe of the neceffary	92

Of fome other cafes and that where two confederates of the fame alliance come to a rupture ibid	93

Of anations refufing fuccors due in virtue of an alliance 396	95

The utility of a home trade ibid	96

Of the balance of trade and the attention of government	102

100 Of the uſe of highways canals c ibid 101 The duties of the government in this reſpect ibid 102 Of its rights in this refpect	103

On the abuſe of this right ibid CHA P X	104

Of the eſtabliſhment of money	105

of the Nation The fecond Object of a good Government is to procure the true Felicity 110 A nation ought to labour after its own felicity	106

Inftructions ibid 112 Education of youth	107

Of the arts and ſciences ibid 114 Of the liberty of philofophizing	108

They ought to infpire the love of virtue and the abhor rence of vice	109

The nation may from this diſcover the intention of thoſe who govern	110

The ſtate or the public perfon ought to perfect its under ſtanding and will	111

The love of the Country ibid 120 In particular perfons	112

In the nation or ſtate itſelf and in the fovereign ibid 122 Definition of the term Country ibid 123 How fhameful and criminal it is to injure our country	113

examples ibid CHA P XII	114

It ought to be attended with knowledge ibid 127 Of religion internal and external ibid 128 Liberty of confcience the right of individuals ibid 129 Th...	116

When there is no eſtabliſhed religion ibid 131 When it is eſtabliſhed by law	117

In the caſe where there is a religion eſtabliſhed by law	118

Theobject of his care and the means he ought to employ	119

Of toleration ibid 136 What the prince ought to do when the nation is refolv ed to change the religion	120

The fovereign ought to have the infpection of the affairs of religion and authority over thoſe who teach it	121

He ought to prevent the abufe of the received religion	122

The fovereigns authority over the minifters of religion	123

The nature of this authority ibid 143 The rule to be obſerved with reſpect to ecclefiaftics ibid 144 A recapitulation of the reaſons on which are eſtabliſ...	124

Pernicious confequence of the contrary opinion	125

The abufes particularized The power of the popes	126

Important employments conferred by a foreign power	128

Powerful fubjects dependent on a foreign court ibid 149 The celebacy of the prieſts Convents	129

Enormous pretenfions of the clergy Preeminence	130

Independence immunities	131

Immunity of the riches of the church	132

Excommunication of men in high pofts ibid 154 And of fovereigns themſelves	133

The clergy drawing every thing to them and diſturbing the order of juftice	134

Money drawn to Rome	135

CHAP XIII	136

To eſtabliſh good laws ibid 160 To make them obferved	137

The foundation of the right of puniſhing the guilty ibid	142

A nation ought to fortify itſelf againſt attacks from with	148

Voluntary fubmiffion of one country to another	154

How a Country may feparate itself from the State of which it is	156

ibid	160

The functions and duties of the prince in this refpect ibid	161

How he ought to diftribute juftice ibid	162

Heought toeſtabliſh judges of knowledge and integrity 138	164

Of exile and baniſhment ibid	168

Of public common and private Property 234 Of what the Romans called res communes	170

The entire wealth of a nation and its divifions ibid 236 Two ways of acquiring public property	171

It may allow him the domain and reſerve the uſe of it	172

the revenue ibid	173

Of the eminent domain affixed to fovereignty ibid 245 Of the government with reſpect to public property	174

Of the alienation of the goods of a community ibid 248 Of the ufe of common property	175

The manner in which each ought to enjoy it ibid 250 Of the right of prevention in their uſe ibid 251 Of the fame right in other cafes	176

The fovereign may fubmit them to political laws	177

The nation may alienate its public property ibid 258 The duties of a nation in this reſpect	178

And by the enterprizes of the protector	198

A ſtate ought to keep its rank notwithſtanding the chan ges in the form of its government	212

In this refpect treaties and eſtabliſhed cuftoms ought to be obferved ibid 41 Of the name and honors given by the nation to its conduct or	213

The right of other nations in this reſpect	214

How they may fecure titles and honors ibid 46 They ought to conform to general cuſtom	215

Ofthenatural refpect which fovereigns owe to each other ibid 48 How a fovereign ought to maintain his dignity ibid CHA P IV	216

It produces the right of refiftance ibid 51 And that of obtaining reparation	217

How it is permitted to enter into the quarrel between a fovereign and his fubjects	218

The right of not fuffering foreign powers to interfere in the affairs of government	219

Of theſe rights with reſpect to religion ibid 59 No nation can be conſtrained with reſpect to religion 220	222

CHAP V	223

The fovereign ought to revenge the injuries of the ſtate	224

The exile and baniſhed men have a right to live elfe	229

of deferts and uncultivated places	230

A particular cafe excepted 416	233

of the entering the territory ibid	236

The duties of a ſtranger	237

To what taxes he is fubject ibid 107 Strangers continue members of their own nation ibid 108 The ftate has no right over the perfon of a ſtranger	238

Who are the heirs of a ſtranger ibid 111 Of the teftament of a foreigner	239

Of the right of efcheatage	240

The right of foreign duties	241

Of the Rights which belong to all Nations after the Introduction of Domain and Property 116 What are the rights of which men cannot be deprived	242

Of the right of procuring provifions by force	243

Of the right of carrying off women ibid 123 Of the right of paffage	244

And of procuring what we want ibid 125 Of the right of inhabiting a foreign country	245

Of things the uſe of which is inexhauſtible ibid 127 Of the right of innocent uſe	246

of the nature of this general right ibid 129 And in cafes not doubtful ibid 130 of the exerciſe of this right between nations	247

The general duty of the proprietor ibid 132 Of innocent paffage	248

Sureties may be required ibid 134 Of the paffage of merchandize ibid 135 Of abode in the country	249

Of the right proceeding from a general permiffion	250

Who are to decide the difputes relating to the fucceffion	254

Thofe of the prince ibid	259

He cannot alienate the public property ibid	260

The nation may give him the right of doing it ibid	261

The rules on this fubject with refpect to treaties between nation and nation 179	262

Of the alienation of a part of the ſtate ibid	263

The right of thoſe difmembered 180	265

In thofe that are unequal on the moſt powerful fide	269

Of treaties already accompliſhed on the one part ibid	276

279 What may annul the convention made for the rate	279

Of the alliances of a ſtate that has at length paffed under	282

Of other public Conventions of thofe that are made by inferior Pow	283

To what the fovereign is bound	289

Treaties are facred between nations	295

Of guarantees	301

Duration of the guaranty	303

Of pawns fecurities and mortgages ibid 242 Of the rights of a nation in what relates to a pledge ibid 243 How he is obliged to reſtore it 304	304

the interpretation ought to be made according to certain rules	313

The faith of treaties lays an obligation to follow theſe rules ibid 270 General rule of interpretation ibid 271 We ought to explain the terms conformab...	314

Of the interpretation of ancient treaties	315

Of quibbles on words ibid 274 A rule on this fubject Y	316

278 Of figurative expreffions	317

Of equivocal expreffions ibid 280 The rule of theſe two cafes ibid 281 There is no neceffity of giving a term the fame ſenſe in all the places in which ...	318

We ought to reject every interpretation that leads to an abfurdity	319

And that which renders the act null and without effect	320

Interpretation founded on the connexion of the difcourſe	321

Interpretation founded on the reafon of the act	322

of the cafe where many reaſons concur to determine the will	323

Of what makes a fufficient reaſon for an act of the will	324

Of frauds tending to elude the laws or promiſes	325

Of the reſtrictive interpretation	327

How a change happening in the ftate of things may form an exception	328

The interpretation of an act in unforeſeen cafes	329

Of expreffions capable of an extenfive and confined ſenſe 350	330

The guaranty cannot be injurious to a third perfon ibid	331

What is of uſe to the human fociety is favorable the contrary is odious	332

What contains a penalty is odious ibid 304 What renders an act null is odious ibid 305 That which tends to change the prefent ftate of things is odiou...	333

Interpretation of things favorable	334

Interpretation of things odious	335

Examples	336

Of the collifion of the laws or treaties	337

Rule in cafes of collifion ibid 313 2 Rule	339

Of negociation ibid	346

350 Of what may pafs for a refufal to do juftice ibid	350

Of the law of retortion ibid	352

of reprisals 417	353

Subjects stopped by way of reprisals	355

The right againſt thoſe who oppofe reprifals ibid 353 Juft repriſals do not afford a juſt cauſe for war	356

BOOK III	357

Of Warand its different Kindstogether with the right of making War 1 DEFINITION of war	358

Belongs only to the fovereign power	359

Of War offenfive and defenfive	360

Of the right of levying troops	361

Whether there are any exemptions from carrying arms	362

Soldiers pay and quarters	363

Of hofpitals for invalids ibid 13 Of mercenary foldiers 364	364

What ſhould be obſerved in liſting fuch	365

Of enlifting in foreign countries ibid 16 Obligation of foldiers	366

Of military laws ibid 18 Of military difcipline ibid 19 Of the fubaltern powers in war	367

How their promiſes bind the fovereign ibid 21 In what cafes their promiſes bind only themſelves	368

Of juftificatory reafons and motives for making war	369

What is in general a juſt cauſe of war ibid 27 What war is unjuſt	370

Of decent and faulty motives ibid 31 Of war whenthe fubject is lawful and the motives faulty	371

Of the pretences	372

Of political equilibrium ibid	380

Beginning of hoftilities	386

ciates	397

Or who are in a defenfive alliance with him ibid 99 How a defenfive alliance affociates with the enemy	398

Another cafe ibid 101 In what cafe it does not produce the fame effect ibid 102 Whether it be neceffary to declare war againſt the enemys affociates	399

CHAP VII	400

Conduct to be obſerved by a neutral nation ibid 105 An ally may furniſh the fuccor due from him and remain neuter	401

Of treaties of neutrality	402

Effects of an enemy found in a neutral fhip ibid	408

A paffage may be refufed for a war manifeftly unjuft	414

Of fugitive deferters	419

Of women children the aged and fick ibid 146 Of the clergy of men of letters c 4 20	420

Ofpeafants and in general of all who do not carry arms ibid 148 Of the right of making prifoners of war	421

A priſoner of war not to be put to death ibid 150 How prifoners of war are to be uſed	422

Whether priſoners of war may be made ſlaves	424

of the exchange and ranfom of priſoners ibid 154 The ſtate is obliged to deliver them	425

Whether an enemy is to be affaffinated or poiſoned ibid 156 Whether poifoned weapons may be uſed in war	428

Whether fprings may be poifoned	429

Difpofitions towards an enemy ibid 159 Of regard towards the perſon of a King who is our ene my	430

CHA P IX	431

Of what is taken from the enemy by way of penalty ibid 163 Of detentions for obliging him to give a juft fatisfaction	432

Of contributions	433

Of ſpoiling ibid 167 Of ravaging and burning ibid 168 What things are to be fpared	435

Faith to be facred between enemies	437

What treaties are to be obſerved among enemies 488	439

Or to introduce fuccours ibid	476

From what authority it emanes ibid	482

Of the hoſtage given for the releaſe of a priſoner	487

Conduct to be obſerved by foreign nations	494

Of conventions relating to the ranfom of prifoners ibid	498

Whether a kingbeing a prifoner of warcan make peace ibid	501

The nature of this right 169	503

The treaty of peace obliges the nation and fucceffors	509

Of the penalty annexed to the violation of an article	515

Miniſters of the nation or regents during an interregnum	519

Of him who diſturbs another in the right of embaffy	520

The miniſter of a friendly power to be received ibid 66 Of refident miniſters ibid 67 How minifters of an enemy are to be admitted	521

Whether minifters may be received from or fent to an ufur per	522

CHAP VI	523

Of the reprefentative character ibid 71 Of ambaffadors	524

of envoys ibid 73 Of refidents ibid 74 Of minifters	525

Of confuls agents deputies c ibid 76 Of credentials	526

Of inftructions ibid 78 Of the right of fending ambaffadors ibid 79 Of the honors due to ambaſſadors	527

Reſpect due to public minifters	528

Their perfon facred and inviolable 1	529

Of the time when it commences 580	532

Embaffies betwixt enemies ibid 87 Of heralds trumpeters and drummers ibid 88 Minifters trumpeters c to be refpected even ina civil war	533

By and to whom they may be ſent	534

Independence of foreign miniſters ibid 93 How the foreign minifter is to behave	536

How he may be corrected firft with regard to common faults	538

2d For faults committed againſt the prince ibid 96 Right of ordering away an ambaffador who is guilty or justly fufpected	539

Right of checking him by force if he behaves as an enemy ibid 98 Of an ambaffador forming dangerous plots conſpiracies	540

What is allowable against him according to the exigen cies of the cafe	541

Of an ambaſſador who ſhould attempt the princes life	542

Two remarkable inſtances concerning the immunities of public minifters	543

Whether repriſals may be uſed towards an ambaſſador	544

Agreement of nations concerning the privileges of ambaf fadors	545

Of the free exercife of religion	546

Whether an ambaſſador be exempted for all impoſts	547

Of the obligation founded on uſe and cuſtom	548

Of a minifter whofe character is not public ibid IOS Of a fovereign in a foreign country 54 9	550

CHAP VIII	551

The ambaffador is exempt from the civil jurifdiction of the country where he refides	552

Of a miniſter fubject to the ſtate where he is employed	553

Not to immoveables which he poffeffes in the country	555

How juſtice may be obtained againſt an ambaſſador	556

CHAP IX	557

Of the ambaffadors houſe	558

Of the right of afylum	559

Of the ambaſſadors retinue	560

Of the ambaffadors confort and family ibid 122 Of the fecretary of the embaffy	561

Of the ambaffadors couriers and difpatche ibid 124 The ambaffadors authority over his retinue ibid 125 When the right of ambaſſadors end	562

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The Law of Nations; Or, Principles of the Law of Nature : Applied to the ...
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Full view - 1792

The Law of Nations: Or, Principles of the Law of Nature Applied to the ...
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No preview available - 2015

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Common terms and phrases

abfolute abuſe advantage affairs affiftance againſt alfo alliance authority becauſe belongs cafe caufe cauſe citizens civil fociety commerce common confcience confent confequently confidered confifts conftitution cuſtom defire difpofe difputes duties enemy eſtabliſhed exerciſe expence exprefs fafe fafety faid fame fecurity ferve fhall fhew fhould fince firft firſt fociety fome foon foreign fovereign fovereignty ftate ftrangers fubfift fubjects fubmit fuch fuffer fufficient fuperior fuppofe fupport furniſh give greateſt happineſs himſelf injury intereſt itſelf juft juftice juſt king law of nations law of nature leaſt lefs liberty manner maſter meaſures moft moſt muſt neceffary neceffity obferved obliged occafion paffage peace perfon pleaſes poffeffed poffeffion poffible prefent preferve prefumed prince procure promiſed puniſh queſtion raiſed reafon refpect refufe refuſe religion render ſtate ſtill Swifs thefe themſelves theſe thing thofe thoſe tion treaty unjuſt uſe virtue welfare whofe wife

Bibliographic information

Title	The Law of Nations: Or, Principles of the Law of Nature Applied to the Conduct and Affairs of Nations and Sovereigns. A Work Tending to Display the True Interest of Powers Issue 9650 of Early American imprints
Author	Emer de Vattel
Publisher	Thomas M. Pomroy, 1805
Original from	Princeton University
Digitized	Aug 14, 2009
Length	563 pages

Export Citation	BiBTeX EndNote RefMan

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