Urban Ecology: An International Perspective on the Interaction Between Humans and Nature

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John Marzluff, Eric Shulenberger, Wilfried Endlicher, marina Alberti, Gordon Bradley, Clare Ryan, Craig ZumBrunnen, Ute Simon
Springer Science & Business Media, Jan 3, 2008 - Science - 808 pages
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to a Research Project Ernest W. Burgess Abstract The aggregation of urban population has been described by Bücher and Weber. A soc- logical study of the growth of the city, however, is concerned with the de nition and description of processes, as those of (a) expansion, (b) metabolism, and (c) mobility. The typical tendency of urban growth is the expansion radially from its central business district by a series of concentric circles, as (a) the central business district, (b) a zone of deterioration, (c) a zone of workingmen’s homes, (d)a residential area, and (e) a commuters’ zone. Urban growth may be even more fundamentally stated as the resultant of processes of organization and disorganization, like the anabolic and katabolic processes of metabolism in the human body. The distribution of population into the natural areas of the city, the division of labor, the differentiation into social and cultural groupings, represent the normal manifestations of urban metabolism, as statistics of disease, crime, disorder, vice, insanity, and suicide are rough indexes of its abnormal expression. The state of metabolism of the city may, it is suggested, be measured by mobility, de ned as a change of movement in response to a new stimulus or situation. Areas in the city of the greatest mobility are found to be also regions of juvenile delinquency, boys’ gangs, crime, poverty, wife desertion, divorce, abandoned infants, etc.
 

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Contents

Urbanization and Human Domination of Earth
1
Humans as the Worlds Greatest Evolutionary Force 15
14
Differences in the use of Urban
49
Conceptual Foundations of Urban Ecology
67
Linking Terrestrial Ecological Physical
94
Integrated Approaches to LongTerm Studies of Urban
123
Opportunities and Challenges for Studying
142
The Atmosphere Hydrosphere and Pedosphere
159
Towards a Mechanistic Understanding of Urbanizations Impacts on Fish
425
Influences of Human Modification of Habitat
455
Human Dimensions
473
Forecasting Demand for Urban Land
493
A Literature Review
519
Why Cities Cannot be Sustainableand Why They
537
Health Supportive Environments and the Reasonable Person Model 557
556
Megacities as Global Risk Areas
583

The Moral Economy
180
Streams in the Urban Landscape
207
The Urban Climate Basic and Applied Aspects 233
232
Global Warming and the Urban Heat Island
249
A Retrospective Assessment of Mortality from the London Smog Episode
263
The Biosphere
279
Ecosystem Processes Along an UrbantoRural Gradient
299
Rapid Evolution of Races in North America
315
Socioeconomics Drive Urban Plant Diversity
339
How Extinction and Colonization
353
A LongTerm Survey of the Avifauna in an Urban Park
373
Does Differential Access to Protein Influence Differences in Timing of Breeding
390
Creating a Homogeneous Avifauna
405
Why Is Understanding Urban Ecosystems Important to People Concerned About
597
Thomas Dietz Elinor Ostrom Paul C Stern
623
Scientific Institutional and Individual Constraints on Restoring Puget Sound Rivers
647
Shifts in the Core and the Context of Urban Forest
660
What Is the Form of a City and How Is It Made?
677
What Should an Ideal City Look Like from an Ecological View? Ecological Demands
691
Terrestrial Nature Reserve Design at the UrbanRural Interface
715
A General
738
A Straightforward Approach
757
A New Planning Concept for the Environment
782
Index
797
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