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with blue: breast tawny: abdomen black, tawny at the base beneath: legs pale yellow; hind thighs pitchy: wings gray, clothed with brown, which is darkest beneath the fore border at three-fourths of the length; wing-ribs pitchy; veins black, pitchy at the base. Length of the body 8 lines; of the wings 16 lines.

Para.

ANTHRAX BISTELLA.

Atra, nigro-hirta, metathoracis lateribus cano-hirtis, abdominis apice pilis albis bimaculato, alis limpidis basi et ad costam nigris.

Allied to A. hyalacra of Wiedemann. Body very deep black, clothed with short black hairs: eyes pitchy: feelers black: a tuft of hoary hairs on each side of the hind-chest : abdomen adorned with a tuft of silvery hairs on each side near the tip: legs black, long and slender, clothed with black hairs and bristles: wings colourless, black at the base, and thence along three-fourths of the fore border and one-third of the hind border; the outline of the black hue is concave and very oblique; wing-ribs, veins and poisers black. Length of the body 4 lines; of the wings 12 lines.

Para.

LEPIDOPHORA CULICIFORMIS, Mas.

Nigra, hirta, abdominis apice pilis piceis ornato, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis nigrocinereis basi et ad costam nigro-fuscis.

Body quite black, clothed with black hairs: eyes pitchy, parted above by a moderate interval; all the facets very small: feelers nearly as long as the chest: neck and sides of the chest beset with black bristles: tip of the abdomen feathered on each side with pitchy plumes: legs black, beset with black bristles: wings dark gray, dark brown at the base and between the fore border and the disk till near the tips; wingribs and veins black; poisers black, with white tips. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 10 lines.

Para.

EXOPROSOPA BIZONA, Mas.

Nigra pilis rufis hirta, abdomine fasciculis duabus rufis maculis fasciisque duabus albopilosis, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis nigro-fuscis apice margineque postico cinereis.

Body black head clothed with black hairs: eyes red: mouth and feelers black: chest and breast clothed with red hairs; scutcheon ferruginous: abdomen obconical, a little longer than the chest, clothed with black hairs which form a fringe on each side, adorned with a tuft of red hairs on each side of the base, with a round spot of white hairs on each side of the middle, and with two bands of white hairs at the tip: legs black, clothed with black down and bristles: wings blackish brown, dark gray at the tips and on the disks of some of the areolets along the hind border; wing-ribs and veins black. Length of the body 61⁄2 lines; of the wings 16 lines.

Para.

VIII. APPENDIX.

EE

TRUPANEA PURPUREA, Fem.

Atra, pilis nigris hirta, scutello thoracisque lateribus piceis, abdomine purpureo segmentorum marginibus posticis fulvis, antennis nigris rufo-cinctis, pedibus piceis, tarsis fulvis, alis fuscis.

:

Body black, clothed with black hairs: a tawny line clothed with pale tawny hairs along the borders of the eyes; epistoma convex, very thickly beset with black bristles: eyes bronzed; fore part flat, its facets much larger than those elsewhere: sucker black, clothed at the tip with tawny hairs: palpi black, thickly beset with black bristles feelers black; first and second joints beset with black bristles; second red, paler at the base: chest beset on each side and behind with black bristles; scutcheon and sides of the chest pitchy: abdomen purple, shining, linear and clothed with black hairs towards the base, obconical and clothed with tawny hairs towards the tip ; hind borders of the segments dark tawny; under side clothed with tawny hairs: legs pitchy, thickly clothed with black hairs and bristles; feet tawny; claws black, tawny at the base; foot-cushions yellow; wings brown, darker at the base and along part of the fore border; wing-ribs pitchy; veins ferruginous; poisers tawny. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 13 lines.

Para.

MALLOPHORA TRICOLOR, Mas.

Atra, nigro-hirta, capite pilis albis ornato, thorace rufo trivittato, abdominis medio fulvo apice rufo, antennis rufis basi nigris, pedibus nigris, tibiis tarsisque posticis flavis, alis limpidis.

Body black, clothed with black hairs head with a ferruginous tinge, thickly clothed beneath with black and white hairs, having a white line along the eyes; epistoma or front of the face convex, clothed towards the feelers with black hairs, and in front with longer and much more numerous pale yellow hairs: eyes black; fore part flat, its facets much larger than those elsewhere: sucker black, clothed at the tip with tawny hairs: feelers red; first and second joints beset with black bristles; first joint black neck tufted with black hairs: chest deep velvet-like black, adorned with three dark red stripes: breast tinged with brown : abdomen obconical, much narrower but hardly longer than the chest; middle segments for one-third of the length tawny, with whitish hind borders, clothed with pale yellow hairs; segments thence to the tip red, clothed with yellow hairs: legs black, clothed with black hairs, armed with black spines; hind-shanks pale yellow, clothed with pale yellow hairs; hind-feet darker yellow, beset beneath with short black bristles; foot-cushions brown: wings colourless; wing-ribs pitchy; veins black, pitchy along the fore border; poisers tawny. Length of the body 9 lines; of the wings 18 lines.

Para.

MALLOPHORA ALBIFRONS, Fem.

Atra, nigro-hirta, capite pilis albis ornato, antennis pedibusque nigris, alis fuscis cyaneo nitentibus basi et ad costam nigris.

Body black, thickly clothed with black hairs: crown and face partly clothed with

white hairs; a white line on each side of the face; a tuft of white hairs in front of the eyes on each side of the mouth; epistoma armed with black and white spines; eyes black; fore part nearly flat, its facets larger than those elsewhere: sucker black, clothed with tawny hairs: palpi black, very thickly beset with black bristles: feelers black: abdomen obconical towards the tip, longer and narrower than the chest: legs black, clothed with black hairs and bristles; hind-legs, especially the shanks, deeply fringed with black hairs; foot-cushions dark tawny: wings brown, adorned with blue reflections, blackish at the base and along part of the hind border; wing-ribs, veins and poisers black. Length of the body 9 lines; of the wings 22 lines.

South America.

FRANCIS WALKER.

ART. VI.-Description of a second Lepidopterous Insect of the genus Psyche, recently discovered in Britain; and proposed separation of a well-known European species under a new generic name. By EDWARD NEWMAN.

PSYCHE FENELLA, Mas.

Antennæ dimidio corporis ferè longiores quasi 31-articulatæ, articulis 3—30 ramulos duobus ad apicen emittentibus; alæ hyalinæ nitidæ pilis nigerrimis sparsis obsitæ ; corporis dorsum nigrum nitidum pilis undique nigris obsitum, abdominis lateribus apiceque testaceis. (Alarum latitudo 775 unc. Corporis longitudo ‘325 unc.) Male. Antennæ somewhat more than half the length of the body, apparently 31jointed: each of the joints, with the exception of the first, second and thirty-first, emits two branches from its apex?; these branches gradually decrease in length from the fifth or sixth pair to the last; near the apex of the antennæ they are not only decidedly shorter than elsewhere, but also decidedly clavate; in colour these branches are dark brown, almost black, and are clothed with hairs of the same colour; the shaft of the antenna is distinctly and beautifully annulated, the basal? portion of each joint being pale testaceous, and the apex? emitting the branches, concolorous with the branches, or nearly black. Head black, almost concealed in long black hair which covers the base of the antennæ, and renders it difficult, if not impossible, to pronounce on the exact number of these joints: the eyes are intensely black. The entire dorsal surface of the thoracic and abdominal segments is shining and black, with the exception of a narrow band at the base and also the extreme apex of the abdomen: this shining surface is beset with long blackish hairs which are abundant on the sides, but more sparingly distributed down the middle: the abdominal segments beneath are black, very shining, and almost destitute of hairs along the middle, but at the sides they are testaceous and sprinkled over with black hairs. In the specimen described the fore and middle legs are wanting; the hind legs are of moderate size, the femora and tibiæ black; the tarsi paler; the claws pitchy and widely divaricating. Wings transparent, colourless, sprinkled over with moderately long and very black hairs.

Female. Hitherto I have had no opportunity of examining this sex, but Mr. Doubleday informs me that it possesses legs and antennæ, characters in which it very decidedly differs from the apod scolicomorphous females of several ascertained species.

HAB.-The New Forest in Hampshire, where it was discovered in the larva state by Mr. Weaver, in the summer of 1848. The specimen described is in the matchless collection of Mr. Doubleday, to whom I am indebted for the loan of all the species I

have mentioned.

This species may be immediately distinguished from those hitherto recorded as British, as well as from such continental species as invite comparison by their somewhat approximate size and multiarticulate antennæ. With the smaller species, which having fewer joints to the antennæ have been separated, and perhaps judiciously, under the name Fumea, it is not needful to institute a comparison. The undermentioned species may be advantageously compared.

1. Penthophora nigricans of Curtis, the connexion of which with Germar's genus Penthophora is by no means manifest: in his illustration of the genus I fear Mr. Curtis may have taken his anatomical details from Penthophora Morio, the insect he cites as the type, since I find no such palpus in the male of Psyche nigricans.

2. Psyche Febretta of Fonscolombe. 3. Psyche calvella of Ochsenheimer.

4. Psyche graminella of Fischer.

5. Psyche Stettinensis. Fuscescens, concolor, thorace abdomineque pilosissimis; alis rotundatis, subæqualibus, hirsutis; abdomine subelongato pilis ad apicem trifariam directis. (Alarum latitudo ·65 unc. Corporis longitudo 33 unc.) This description of a male, in the cabinet of Mr. Doubleday, is added under the impression that the name has hitherto been unpublished.

From Penthophora nigricans, discovered by Mr. Dale in Dorsetshire, Fenella differs in its inferior size, in the entire absence of the thick mouse-coloured fur which clothes the body of that species: in its decidedly transparent and glittering wings; in their scattered black and not mouse-coloured hair, and in their wanting the transverse discoidal lunule, always more or less observable in nigricans. I am indebted to Mr. Doubleday for the loan of living larvæ of this species, and have availed myself of the interesting opportunity thus afforded of making very detailed drawings, as well as observations on their economy.

From Psyche Febretta, or Febrettella as it has latterly been denominated, the same differences distinguish it, indeed I believe that our British nigricans has been pronounced by Guénée, Becker, and other first-rate lepidopterists of the continent, to be identical with the continental Febrettella, a decision, which in the absence of specimens of the latter, I am unable either to confirm or gainsay: I may however observe, that in some characters, more especially the colour of the cilia, the British specimens do not agree very exactly with the continental figures.

From Psyche calvella it differs in the black, shining and far more robust body; in the colourless membrane of its wings, the membrane in that species, although seminude, being distinctly tinged with brown, and in the black and not brown hairs, sparingly scattered over them.

From Psyche graminella it differs in the absence of the lepidopterous clothing which in that species covers the wings. It is not a little remarkable, that in two insects so closely allied in their saccophorous larvæ and general economy, as well as in their apterous and apod females, should exhibit so great a discrepancy in what may be called an essential characteristic of the class to which both are supposed to belong : in calvella the wings only produce scattered hairs, greatly resembling those possessed by

many species of Phryganea, while in graminella they are completely covered with true lepidopterous scales, closely imbricated, and beautifully coloured with a coppery lustre.

From Psyche Stettinensis it differs in its entirely different habit, that species somewhat assimilating in figure to Hepialus; in its shining instead of opaque surface; in its black instead of fuscescent hair.

Having alluded to the scales with which the wings of one species are covered, as well as some other characters not previously noticed, I will attempt to exhibit these in a synoptical or tabular form, premising however, that three questions still remain open to discussion, no one having, as far as I am aware, investigated either the mutual or general relations of these curious insects.

1. Are these insects Lepidopterous?

2. Are they Bombyces or Tineæ ?

3. Are they related one to another, thus constituting a natural group?

Synopsis of Species mentioned.

A. Antennæ apparently 31-jointed.

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a. Body robust as in the Bombyces the genus Sterropterix of Hübner, and also as I believe the genus Thyridopteryx of Stephens.

* Wings nude; body black; containing the species Ephemeræformis, described under the name of Sphinx Ephemeræformis by Haworth, Lep. Brit. 72, but subsequently proved by Mr. Gosse to be North American. See Zool. 537, where an interesting account of its economy is given by that gentleman.

** Wings semi-nude; body black; containing the species Fenella described above.

*** Wings hairy and concolorous with the body which is mouse-coloured; containing the species nigricans, which is the Penthophora nigricans of Curtis, Brit. Ent. Tab. 213; Febretta of Fonscolombe, Ann. Ent. Soc. Fr. iv. 107, Tab. 1, fig. 5; and Stettinensis described above.

b. Body slender as in the Geometræ.

* Wings densely clothed with glittering scales = the

Genus LEPIDOPSYCHE, Newman.

Which in addition to this very important character, is also distin-
guished by its ample and subequal wings; its great superficial re-
semblance to certain Geometræ; and its comparatively slender body;
in which latter character, however, it agrees more nearly with the
species which follow than with those which I have arranged before
it: the only species with which I am acquainted is the Psyche gra-
minella of Fischer, Abbild. zur Berich, und Ergaenz., p. 103, Tab.
41, fig. a—n., which appears to be generally distributed on the
continent, and the occurrence of which in this country may be con-
fidently anticipated.

**Wings semi-nude without scales, but having a few scattered hairs
the genus Psyche of Schrank; containing the species calvella of

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