The Ecology of Running WatersFor advanced students. |
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Page 29
... temperature does not fall below o ° C . ( Sheridan , 1961 ) . The range of mean monthly temperature in rivers , as in lakes , is therefore often much less than that of the land surface . Superimposed upon the annual liaison with the ...
... temperature does not fall below o ° C . ( Sheridan , 1961 ) . The range of mean monthly temperature in rivers , as in lakes , is therefore often much less than that of the land surface . Superimposed upon the annual liaison with the ...
Page 168
... temperature range than their still- water relatives . This has been shown experimentally to apply to mayfly nymphs ( Whitney , 1939 ) and it can often be inferred from field observa- tions . Thus , for example , most species of stonefly ...
... temperature range than their still- water relatives . This has been shown experimentally to apply to mayfly nymphs ( Whitney , 1939 ) and it can often be inferred from field observa- tions . Thus , for example , most species of stonefly ...
Page 324
... temperatures are much lower . They are the limits for success as a species not as an individual , and they probably represent the lowest temperature at which some activity , such as successful breed- ing or adequate feeding , can occur ...
... temperatures are much lower . They are the limits for success as a species not as an individual , and they probably represent the lowest temperature at which some activity , such as successful breed- ing or adequate feeding , can occur ...
Contents
Water flow and stream channels I | 1 |
Physical characteristics of flowing water | 28 |
Chemical characteristics of flowing water | 36 |
Copyright | |
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abundant adults Africa algae amount amphipods animals aquatic areas Baetis benthic benthos biological biomass breeding brown trout caddis-worms carbon cent channel Chironomidae cm./sec Creek current speed cycles cyprinids darters detritus diatoms Diptera discharge downstream drift ecology effect eggs emergence Ephemerella Ephemeroptera Europe factor fairly fauna feed fish flow freshwater Gammarus genera genus Gessner gravel growth habitat hatch Hydropsyche Hynes important increase insects invertebrates lakes large numbers larvae less Limnol live mayflies Minckley move normal North America number of species numbers nymphs observed occur Oligochaeta organic matter oxygen particles period periphyton plankton plants Plecoptera populations probably production Rhithrogena rhithron riffles rivers and streams rotifers running water running-water salmon samples sand season seen Shadin shown silt similar Similarly Simuliidae Simulium small streams snails specimens spring stoneflies stones stony stream bed stream-dwelling substrata substratum summer surface temperature tend Trichoptera trout types upstream varies VIII winter zone