Experimental Enquiry Concerning the Natural Powers of Wind and Water to Turn Mills and Other Machines Depending on a Circular Motion: And An Experimental Examination of the Quantity and Proportion of Mechanic Power Necessary to be Employed in Giving Different Degrees of Velocity to Heavy Bodies from a State of Rest. Also New Fundamental Experiments Upon the Collision of Bodies. With Five Plates of Machines |
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Common terms and phrases
30 turns againſt alfo alſo angle anſwer arifing axis becauſe beſt buckets cafe caſe cauſe centre circumference circumſtances collifion column conclufions confequence confiderable cylinder deductions deſcending diminiſhed diſtance double Dutch fails effect elaſtic enlarged fails equal falls fhort fame fcale fecond fection feet ferrule fet of experiments fince firſt fluice foft bodies fome fquare friction fuch fuppofe furface given gravity greater greateſt head impelling power impulfe inches increaſe inftead JOHN SMEATON lefs leſs load loft machine maxim maximum meaſure mechanic power mill minute moſt motion move multiplied muſt nearly non-elaftic number of turns Obfervations overfhot wheel perpendicular plane pofition poſition produce proportion pulley purpoſe quantity of cloth quantity of water radius raiſed ratio reaſoning refiftance reft repreſent reſpect ſame ſcale ſet ſhall ſhould ſmall ſpace ſprings ſtroke ſuch thefe themſelves theſe thofe thoſe underſhot uſe velocity water expended weight whole wind windmill
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Page i - ... an experimental examination of the quantity and proportion of mechanic power necessary to be employed in giving different degrees of velocity to heavy bodies from a state of rest ; also, new fundamental experiments upon the collision of bodies.
Page 8 - ... multiplied by the height to which the weight can be raised in the time given, the product will be equal to the effect of that power ; and the proportion of the two products will be the proportion of the power to the effect ; so that by loading the wheel with different weights successively, we shall be able to determine at what particular load, and velocity of the wheel, the effect is a maximum.
Page 25 - ... that the natural effective power would be equal ; supposing the machinery free from friction, equally calculated to receive the full effect of the power, and to make the most of it : for if we suppose the height of a column of water to be 30 inches, and resting...
Page 30 - ... nonelastic bodies, when acting by their impulse or collision, communicate only a part of their original power ;" the other part being spent in changing their figure, in consequence of the stroke.
Page 33 - Experience confirms that this velocity of 3 feet in a second is applicable to the highest overshot wheels, as well as the lowest ; and all other parts of the work being properly adapted thereto, will produce very nearly the greatest effect possible : however, this also is certain from experience, that high wheels may deviate further from this rule, before they will lose their power, by a given aliquot part of the whole, than low ones can be admitted to do ; for a wheel of 24 feet high may move at...
Page 25 - ... every cubic inch of water that departs therefrom will acquire the same velocity or momentum from the uniform pressure of 30 cubic inches above it, that one cubic inch let fall from the top -will acquire in falling down to the level of the aperture : one would therefore suppose that a cubic inch of water let fall through a space of...
Page 7 - ... of the matter moved will make a variation.* In comparing the effects produced by water-wheels, with the powers producing them ; or, in other words, to know what part of the original power is necessarily lost in the application, we must previously know how much of the power is spent in overcoming the friction of the machinery, and the resistance of the air ; also, what is the real velocity of the water at the instant that it strikes the wheel ; and the real quantity of water expended in...
Page 7 - ... multiplication, are equal : for if a power can raife twice the weight to the fame height ; or the fame weight to twice the height, in the fame time that another power can, the...
Page 59 - Rouse, and which appears to have been constructed with great care, from a considerable number of facts and experiments, and which having relation to the subject of this article; I here...
Page 33 - ... experience, that high wheels may deviate further from this rule, before they will lose their power, by a given aliquot part of the whole, than low ones can be admitted to do ; for a wheel of 24 feet high may move at the rate of 6 feet per second without losing any considerable part of its power...